The term autism is used in a large sense of disorders from autism spectrum. When we refer to autism as a specific disorder of the spectrum, we use the term classical autism or typical.
Autism is a disorder of development of neurobiological origin and is considered one of the most severe neuropsychiatric disorders of the childhood.
Autism is a central disorder from the full spectrum of developmental disorders known as autism spectrum disorders or abutting development disorders (pervasive developmental disorders), the official term used in international classification systems (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, DSM IV, International Classification of Diseases-ICD 10). These disorders show a wide variety of clinical manifestations, presumed to be the result of development multifactorial disorders of central nervous system or genetic.
Causes - specific causes are still unknown.
Disorder manifests itself in early childhood, between 1.6 and 3 years. It can be diagnosed at birth for signs (behavioral patterns based on which diagnosis is made) are not or can not be easily identified before 18 months.In recent years researchers increasingly recognize that may be observed certain precursors of these behavioral patterns in the earlier stages of child development,number of tools that try to detect autism at the age of 18 months growing also.
Sometimes there is a period of seemingly normal development, after which the child will be isolated and lose skills gained. This may be a loss of use of the words used by child until then, the loss of eye contact, interest in play or social withdrawal.
Usually, autism is diagnosed earlier especially if it is accompanied by mental retardation and less diagnosed among children and adolescents with average or above average intelligence.
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