Briefly describe the impact the invention of the microscope has had on biology.

In a family of Holland, microscope was created in 1590. Zaccharias  Janssen and his father Hans, have found that if they put two such lenses in a cylinder, they could see very small things that would increase even more than 10 times. Compared to the magnifying glass before, which used a single lens, they were using now two or more lenses, which essentially were creating a compound microscope.

Meanwhile, on the same principle,spyglass  was created, based on two lenses placed in a cylinder. But the spyglass could look away. Spyglass was very useful at sea, in search of land, or on the battlefield, to spy on enemy movements remotely. This news about spyglass invention came in the summer of 1609 to the ears of Galileo Galilei, who was on holiday, in Venice. In one night, Galileo Galilei was able to build his own telescope, which was increasing the image about 30 times. He perfected it in a few weeks and the increasing developed to 300 times.

Robert Hooke was the first man who used increasing new tools, to look in detail  to the small universe. Hooke focused on living organisms, whom details were too small to be seen with the naked eye. Hooke looked carefully insects, worms, plants and so on.

And as always when a new scientific tool appears which allows the study of something that had never studied, the surprises of nature appear as discoveries. These discoveries have been presented in his book Micrographia, which he published in 1665,  with detailed description of his comments, book that is the first book in the world to popularize science, speaking to ordinary people without scientific training.There was no need to be a scientist to enjoy those files, that mankind first saw them.

The most important finding is the existence of cells in living organisms . Robert Hooke made the discover about living cells and gave the name of cell, because cells reminded him of the cells in a convent or prison.

Second, the microscope has allowed the first study in detail of the difference between living shells and fossilized shells, and between wood and petrified wood. This allowed Hooke to be the first man to deliver the assumption (which proved correct) about the process of fossilization, the replacement of living tissue with minerals, but also keeping the shape of the alive original.

After the invention of the microscope , the knowledge of biology had become extensive. Inside biology began to form many branches with well-defined areas of study. Some of these branches are of mainly theoretical character as botany, zoology, taxonomy and other have predominantly a practical nature, such as agriculture and horticulture.