Vomiting alters the acid-base balance by causing a massive loss of chloride from the stomach as hydrochloric acid (HCl). This causes an increase of bicarbonate in the extracellular fluid (any fluid in the body that is not part of the fluid in the cells). Information from: Thibodeau, Gary A. and Patton, Kevin T., Structure & Function of the Body, 2008, St. Lewis, Mosby Elsevier.
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