180 miles are traveled in 4 hours, Find the ratio of miles to travel time.

The number of miles travelled is 180 miles.The time taken for the travel is 4 hours. To find the ratio.

A ratio compares two quantities . It may be in terms of rate of one per another. We say the speed in terms of kilometer per hour. The cost per item purchased. The  'rate per unit' is actually a ratio of comparing over one unit.

But then there is a practice of writing just numbers compared in smallest integral units with a sign of colon, : in between the two compared numbers. Example: 12miles travelled in 6hours indicates the ratio of distance in miles  to hours as 12:6 or 2:1 in smallest integral units, by dividing 12 and 6 by the HCF, 6.

Therefore, the ratio of miles to travel time in hours in the give problem is 180 : 4 or

180/4  : 1 or

45  : 1 .

Travelled miles : time in hour = 45:1.

What have the girls in The Crucible done that violates Puritan codes?

Abigail Williams and the other girls from Salem are guilty of several offenses against Puritan standards.  First, they leave their homes in the middle of the night, something that young girls were not allowed to do, and go into the forest.  For the Puritans, the forest represents a place of evil and is allegedly a favorite home for "The Man in Black"--the devil. Secondly, they girls dance which is also not allowed; this is why Rev. Parris has such a strong reaction to the mention of dancing. Some of the girls also remove their clothing in the forest, which at the least doesn't coincide with the Puritans' strict standards of modesty, and at the worst their nakedness represents a form of paganism to the Puritans.  Finally, the girls engage in activities, such as putting curses on others, casting spells, throwing creatures into a pot on the fire, which are associated with witchcraft--the Puritans want so semblance of the devil or his followers in their midst. 

How does Dickens describe the towns people who were shoveling snow off their housetops in A Christmas Carol?

There is a very brief description of the people shoveling snow from off their roofs (which I need to do myself) that is short but tells a good deal about their sense of happiness on Christmas Day.

Though the townspeople are atop pitched roofs and working hard to remove inches of snow (I hope it's a dry snow), which is a precarious position to be in and difficult work to do, they were "jovial and full of glee; calling out to one another from the parapets."

First of all, jovial means "hearty, joyous humor." So they weren't just happy, they were ready for some fun and laughter. Secondly, glee means "open delight and pleasure." So, not only were they ready for fun and laughter, they were openly delighted and experiencing pleasure--even in roof-snow shoveling!

To prove this description of the townspeople and to give a solemn seal of truthfulness to the exuberantly happy feelings abroad on Christmas Day, Dickens proceeds to say that the townspeople, unable to contain their cheerfulness, are hurtling snowballs at each other and having a good laugh over the sport no matter which way the snowball flies. (Picture mom and dad on the roof throwing snowballs at the neighbors on Christmas morning!)

What caused the major difficulties in uniting ancient Greeks under a single government?

At the height of their influence in the ancient world, Greek culture was organized around the "city-state." Certainly geographic influences would have shaped that development, each area being mostly a self-contained economic and political unit; the concept of a direct democracy kept the "politics" (literally, the affairs of the polis, or city) local.  There was no need for any kind of overarching government; that would have been geographically and politically impossible, and would have been antithetical to democratic principles.  Perhaps the reason Greece never became an Empire until the time of Alexander the Great boils down to the fact of its geography.  These city-states upon which Greece was organized warred between themselves, the most salient conflict being between Athens and Sparta. Only when the whole of Hellenistic culture became threatened by Persia did they unite to fight, and that union eventually led to a brief Empire-like government until all of Greece became Roman.

First Ancient History, Oxford University Press, 2000, chapters 12 & 13.

What are the issues and barriers to the adoption of technology to enhance education?List 3 issues and 3 barriers. Please describe them also.

What are the issues and barriers to the adoption of technology to enhance education?

Issues to address are many but some of the main issues would be the paradigm of belief that face to face brick and mortar schooling is the best kind of education. There are technical issues with peoples computer understanding but I feel this is not an issue for most of the youth of today only those stuck in the old paradigm of belief that technology and Internet learning is not as good or better than brick and mortar. Financial issues about the cost of technologies to enhance learning are also an issue with the current economy and in general schools have to maintain a budget and sometimes there is not enough to purchase the needed equipment.

Technology has taken some major leaps in the last few decades and I believe that there will be progress towards technology being a more accepted way of getting an education. I am an example of that, I went to a brick and mortar school for my first two years and completed my first, second and almost done with my third degree from on-line schools. I am just completing my PhD in Clinical Psychology and recieved my MBA and Bachelors degree on-line.

I believe I have received a better education than I was receiving in a brick and mortar environment. The problem and barrier is in changing attitudes and principles of belief in terms of technology in education. Once the paradigm of belief in different technologies being acceptable means of teaching the changes will come.

The changing social mores and economic values of the United States from the 1960s to the 1990s.Can anyone please help me get at least 10, fairly...

For the first time ever, instead of paying cash for what people wanted or needed, they created not only store charge cards, but Visa, Mastercards, Diner's Club etc, which allowed everyone to change their buying habits from needs to wants.  Society suddenly became the now generation.

The influx of television in the 1960's changed how we viewed what we needed.  Suddenly we were being told over and over again by advertisers that our lives were not complete without this or that so our buying and spending habit changed drastically.

Because of the advent of the Pill in the 1960's, women were able to delay childbirth.  More and more were attending college and not to just find a suitable husband as they had in the past, but to get a degree in which they could make a living.  The young generation had seen that women could successfully hold down jobs during WWII and Korea and the pill allowed them to be married and yet wait untill they were ready for a family.  It was acceptable to see women in the workplace and not just in pink collar positions.

The economy was expanding so fast that it was hard to keep up.  During the late '40's the men came home from war and gave birth to the Baby Boomer generation which was the largest increase in population in the history of the United States.  These were the indulged children who were given everything because America had proven itself a powerhouse in 2 World Wars and Korea.  We survived when John Kennedy was Shot, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Malcom X.  This was the generation that demanded and got change in the heart of the United States.

Becuase the social mores had loosened so much, ie. you did not have to get married to be together.  You could get a divorce and your family still accepted you, the economy also went through growing pains.  Companies were no longer satisfied with making one product or being the best at one thing, they went after one another if they saw any sign of weakness.  This was especially prominent in the 80's.  The spoiled children who had to have everything now in the 60's now had to buy up everything (other companies) in the 80's, sometimes they kept them, sometimes they just raided them and left  a shell behind empty and falling apart.

You also need to talk about the distrust of the Government.  The young adults of the 60's did not trust the government and with good reason - Vietnam, Watergate, Nixon's resignation, smooth talking Reagan and Reaganomic's.  The breakup of AT & T, the selling of cell tower technology for so cheaply, the overpricing of the military, the sarcasm on Television with Saturday Night Live, the original Cast, Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman, the breakup of the nuclear family.

The relaxation of the Banking Laws which is really why we are faced with the crisis we have today, bargain basement credit, letting foreign nationals take over our industries without a word or a whimper such as steel, automobile, coal, etc.

There should be more than enough points here if you look into them and break them down even more.  These were just off the top of my head.  Also do not forget the impact of Roe Vs Wade which changed everything for women.

In the poem "I Hear America Singing" by Walt Whitman, is he romanticizing or idealizing the workers?

In the poem 'I Hear America Singing by Walt Whitman' the poet seems to be both romaticizing and idealizing the workers simultaneously. Many readers may find this romatic, idyllic scene of a rural America unfamiliar and may even be offended by a perceived deliberate painting of a situation that was,in fact, unreal for most people.Even the tradespeople lucky enough to have those jobs may hardly have made enough to make ends meet for their kids or put food on the table.

Whitman presents a pastoral scene where everyone is gainfully employed as an artisan from classical times would be - mostly creatively, industriously and joyfully. However, some cynical readers may want to ask themselves where are the songs of the unemployed, the voices from the past that sing of the oppression of the slaves, the carols from the Depression queues - and topically in today's war situation - the soldiers voices from Iraq and Afghanistan, so in that sense the poem doesn't speak for us today or about other challenging times for some people in America.

Nonetheless, Whitman's poems became very popular - this one perhaps for an ideal it was striving to depict rather than reality as it really was. It's also worth remembering that Whitman, unlike his poetic peers, left school young and the 'pastoral types' and working men he wrote about were present among his own sphere of friends.Was he misrepresenting them? Unlikely - he and they were most likely appreciative of their lot.

What causes language disorders?

Aphasia, also called dysphasia is a fault generated by the brain in perceiving words. Symptoms of aphasia are associated with damage to brain tissues in a certain place and in a certain area.

A person affected by aphasia, although it is capable, for example, to move mouth partially,  to pronounce certain sounds and understand spoken words, she/he is unable to form their own words. Another person affected by aphasia may be able to say a word but may be unable to say another word.

The main types of aphasia are:

- sensory form,

-  motor form

- joint venture form (the result of sensory and motor association forms where one can dominate ).

All types of aphasia are important in psychology and psychiatry because it shows that the apparent unity of what is called normal mind remains in the interaction of independent functioning of parts of the brain, each of which can be destroyed without intervening in the functioning of other parts. Thus, it may seem that there is no such unity power as memory, visual memory being abolished without affecting the auditory device , olfactory, tactile, or any other memory functions.

Aphasia, pathological alterations of language is a handicap, consecutive to brain lesions located in the left hemisphere of right handed persons and can occur in subjects with normal intelligence and that does not present disturbances of affectivity and no deficiencies of perceptual and motor functions.

Aphasia is a loss of speech disturbances capacity to use the rules which produce and understand verbal messages. Aphasia is a disorder of the nervous system functions of the second signal and its interrelations with the first signaling system and characterized by memory loss of conventional signs of speech, of expression of these signs.

Person with Aphasia, in the absence of paralysis of phonation muscle  can not express themselve in oral speech, to pronounce the words, though he has no auditory or optical disturbances, he can not understand the meaning of words

The boys dance. Why is this ritual dance different from the others? Do the boys realize what is happening? From Chapter 7.

Early in the chapter, Ralph is sitting on the beach, just kind of thinking.  All of a sudden, he hears Simon making a prophecy.  Simon keeps telling Ralph that Ralph will "get back to where you came from."

The only dance that occurs in this chapter is when the boys pretend to be hunting a boar (Robert) after they missed out on killing the real boar.  What makes this one different from past ones is that they really lose sense of what they're doing and almost kill Robert.  In the past they never did that.

I don't think they know what is happening, but it's clear to us.  After this dance, they joke that next time they'll really kill something and that they should use a littleun.  This really shows how brutal they are becoming.

What are the taboos of the Hill People? Why are these things forbidden?

It is hard to escape the conclusion that, from the very first lines of this masterful short story, we are plunged into a primeval, primitive world, where man is ruled by ignorance and taboos without explanation. The repeated reference to "rules" and "laws" and in particular the number of times that the word "forbidden" is repeated clearly underlines this aspect of the society of the narrator: it is a civilisation that is constructed around a carefully regulated system of laws and creeds that give clear boundaries to humans.

I will point out some of the taboos, and then you can discover the rest:

The north and the west and the south are good hunting ground, but it is forbidden to go east. It is forbidden to go to any of the Dead Places except to search for metal, and then he who touches the metal must be a priest or the son of a priest. Afterward, both the man and the metal must be purified. These are the rules and the laws; they are well made. It is forbidden to cross the great river and look upon the place that was the Place of the Gods - this is most strictly forbidden. We do not even say its name though we know its name. It is there that spirits live, and demons - it is there that there are the ashes of the Great Burning. These things are forbidden - they have been forbidden since the beginning of time.

The first paragraph, then, clearly paints a picture of the world we are in - a world with taboos to protect their people from, as they see it, demons and spirits, though clearly having read the story the reader is able to identify the true nature of the "Great Burning" and the radioactive dangers of the nuclear holocaust that has moved mankind back so far.

What similarities do Persian empire and Roman empire have?example: religion,governing systems, or architecture.

That is a huge question. Here are some points to get you started. First, the Persians and Romans were world empires. They took over so many people groups that the needed a way to keep their empire in order. Second, they both had regionalized governments (for the lack of a better term). The Persians had satraps and the Romans have provincial governors. Third, as you can imagine, both people had to deal with the religious beliefs of conquered people. They were both very open to other people's beliefs. For example, the Persians allowed the Jews to rebuild their temple and the Roman rarely persecuted any group based on religion. That should get you started. Good Luck!

In regards to The Crucible, what were some forms of entertainment that were forbidden by the Puritans in Salem in 1692?

The Salem puritans in 1692 would have lived in a system that united social and religious values.  The religious values would limit the entertainment that was socially allowed.  The puritans would have condemned any activity that was considered unproductive, ungodly or idle.  Gambling on activities would have been looked down upon, as well as any activity that was considered unpractical.  Games that increased knowledge or work skills would have been acceptable. 

What's the distinction between public and private nuisance? Some examples would be nice for better understanding. Thanks in advance.

The major difference between the two is the scope of harm that is done and the number of people to whom the harm is done.

A private nuisance is one that is felt by a single person or perhaps a single family.  By contrast, a public nuisance is one whose impact is felt by a large number of people.

Some possible examples of private nuisance:

• Your dog using my yard as its toilet


• My tree dropping rotten fruit in your yard

Some possible examples of public nuisance:

• A bar playing loud music late at night near to private homes


• A business that dumps its trash in the empty lot out back, attracting rodents and flies and endangering public health


• A run-down motel that is used mainly by drug dealers and prostitutes

In general, the remedy for private nuisance is a suit brought by the offended private citizen.  The remedy for a public nuisance is sought by the affected government.

How does he meet Victor Frankenstein?

Your question is not specific concerning the "he." Are you talking about Robert Walton?

Robert Walton meets Victor Frankenstein in the North Pole while trying to dig his ship out from the ice flows. Walton's expedition parallels that of Victor's in that he blindly struggles to attain his ends while giving no thought to himself or the harm that his goals will have on anyone else.

Could the following statements about theoretical growth curves for predators and prey actually represent what happens in nature?1. The prey...

I think, in general, you can make a case that this course of events is typical in nature.  The problem is that it is very simplified.  There are a lot of other factors that exist that might mess up such a curve.

1. The prey population rises. This, in itself, requires a lot of conditions.  Lets assume that it is a bounty year, the prey animal has lots of food, and no other factors affect the population.  Then a population would likely increase.

2. Predator population rises due to increase in prey population. This probably would occur.  Whatever it is that eats the prey animal would have more food, resulting in more babies reaching maturity.  One stumbling block here might have to do with certain herd populations.  Some prey animals are better protected within a strong herd that offers mutual defense. This would actually make predator populations remain steady or sink.

3. Prey population falls due to increase in predation. Maybe.  This depends on the rate or reproduction for the prey population.  If the prey population breeds faster and in greater numbers than the predator population the prey numbers will continue to grow despite the increase in predators.

4. Predator population falls due to decline in prey population. This assumes that the two breed at a similar rate, but yes, if the prey population were to fall in response to predation than after a while the lack of food would result in fewer predators being able to survive.  But remember, food is only one of the components of an effective ecosystem.

5. Prey population rises due to decline in predator population. Again, maybe.  Predator populations are only one factor when it comes to the proliferation of prey.  Food sources and diseases can plague a large population of prey.  It is possible that the prey population would not rise with the decline in predators as a result of one of these factors.

So, in short, I think you can make a generalization that prey and predator populations are related in such a way.  It's just that in nature things aren't always so black and white.

Hope this helps!

In The Kite Runner, are the various betrayals inherent in master/servant relationships, or are they due to flaws in Baba's and Amir's characters?

The story clearly develops from the flaws in Baba's and Amir's characters. Any master will enjoy a superior economic and social position over a servant, but Baba's and Amir's actions were not determined by their positions in the household. Baba betrayed Ali out of lust for Ali's wife, and he betrayed Hassan, his own son, out of guilt, shame, and fear for his reputation. Baba treated Hassan well, but he betrayed him by refusing to acknowledge him as a son.

Amir often treated Hassan cruelly, not because he was a social superior, but because he felt jealous of him. Baba treated Hassan with warmth and acceptance, which Amir deeply resented since his own relationship with Baba was so lacking. Amir betrayed Hassan's friendship with his cruelty, and eventually he betrayed Hassan by running away in fear rather than take any action to protect him from the bullies. Finally, Amir betrayed Hassan by scheming to have him sent away from the household. This he did out of guilt. Amir could not stand to live with Hassan any longer. The boy's mere presence reminded him of his own cowardice.

Baba and Amir betrayed others not because they were masters to servants, but because they were flawed human beings.

In "By the Waters of Babylon," why did Benét select John to be the story’s narrator--why did he choose to relate the events through his eyes?

John is an ideal character for this story for several reasons.  One reason is that he is young, and it is the young who are usually more willing and anxious to find knowledge for themselves, and to break free from societal constraints in order to find that knowledge.  John believes in the rules and codes of his people, but because he is driven to learn, and young enough to be motivated, he is willing to stretch the rules a bit in his quest for information and wisdom.  It is only this willingness to cross boundaries that leads him into the place of the gods; his father, older and more steeped in follwing traditions exactly, probably would have never dared.  So, John's youth lends itself well to adventure and discovery despite restrictions.

Another reason John is a good choice is because he is, in his tribe, the son of a priest.  A priest has special privileges; going into dead places, touching metal, etc.  Also, a priest is required to go on a spirit walk, not like most of the other people there. It is is John's spirit walk that enables him to discover great things.  If he couldn't go where other men didn't, or didn't participate in a spirit walk, he wouldn't have learned so much.

John is another great choice because he is mature beyond his years, and is able to take his discoveries back to a wise father and decide, with him, what to do with the knowledge.  Also, as he journeys, we see things through a novice's eyes, through the eyes of someone who has never seen these things before.  It helps us to picture them ourselves, and see things from the viewpoint of someone coming upon them for the first time. John describes things so well, and has such maturity to draw wise conclusions from them; that helps us to understand them also.

I hope that helps; good luck!

In the book Night, what are three important scenes?

In a question like this, it seems to work out best if the reader is able to determine what constitutes importance and the selection of scenes is based off of this.  In Wiesel's work, there seems to be so many important moments where so many truths are revealed about Eliezer's belief systems and his experiences in the Holocaust.  One could argue that the moment back in Sighet, where the villagers reject Moshe the Beadle's claims about what he experienced would be a critical moment because it reflects the denial and silencing of voice on the part of the victims which helps to embolden the aggressors.  At the same time, Eliezer's experiences at Birkenau could be deemed as "important" because Eliezer rejects the presence and benevolent force of God when he sees babies and children incinerated at the hands of the Nazis.  It is also an important moment because Eliezer is separated from his mother and sister.  While there are so many important moments, I would think that the child's execution at Buna could be another important moment because it is at this moment where Eliezer's complex approach to the divine is revealed in the quotation, "God is in the gallows."  Again, to find three important scenes is both easy and difficult because there are so many moments in the essential realm and difficult to make a choice from such powerful ones.

Would you have voted for Andrew Jackson in 1828?The Campaign of 1828 was unlike other that had come before it. For the first time electors in most...

Well, I personally wouldn't have been allowed to vote for him because I probably wouldn't have been considered white back then (I'm half white half Asian, they wouldn't have known what to do with me...)

I don't really like Jackson that much because I think he was at least borderline racist with his attitudes about slavery and Indians, but they were pretty much all like that back then.

So I'll pretend I'm a white man of the time, about the same kind of social/economic class that I am now.

Give the choice, I would likely have voted for Jackson over Adams.  First of all, Jackson was from much more of common stock (Scots-Irish, backcountry, not very educated) than Adams, who was a Boston aristocratic type.

Second, I probably would have still been annoyed because of the "Corrupt Bargain" that (I would have felt) had gotten Adams elected four years ago.

Finally, I might have felt some admiration for Jackson because of his conduct in the War of 1812, specifically at the Battle of New Orleans.

I hope that helps...

What is his conclusion about "human heritage" and dying? i need two quotes.overwhelmed by the sized of the ministry of truth building and by the...

On pg. 16, Orwell says:

Curiously, the chiming of the hour seemed to have put new heart into him. He was a lonely ghost uttering a truth that nobody would ever hear. But so long as he uttered it, in some obscure way the continuity was not broken. It was not by making yourself heard but by staying sane that you carried on the human heritage. He went back to the table, dipped his pen, and wrote:

To the future or to the past, to a time when thought is free, when men are different from one another and do not live alone — to a time when truth exists and what is done cannot be undone: From the age of uniformity, from the age of solitude, from the age of Big Brother, from the age of doublethink — greetings!

He was already dead, he reflected. It seemed to him that it was only now, when he had begun to be able to formulate his thoughts, that he had taken the decisive step.

Winston's journaling is not a written record for the future, but a means to make sense of the current dystopia: "He was a lonely ghost uttering a truth that nobody would ever hear."  His writing is a way to counteract the "doublethink," his first step toward freedom.  Winston has been in such a vacuum--cut off from history and intellectual thought--that he is trying to form a community of one here.  He knows if he can come up with one thought on paper, just one, that he can "be able to formulate his thoughts, that he had taken the decisive step."  He sees himself as being dead for a long time, but this first step toward intellectual awareness can resurrect him from the ash heap of history.

I don't like pop culture analogies, but Winston is a lot like Neo from the Matrix when he says, "There is no spoon."  If Winston can see past the doublethink (The Matrix), then he can be alive for once in his ghostly existence.

How do you analyze this story?

This is a rather general question, but I think that you could approach this novel in a number of different ways.  Perhaps the most fascinating is the story of the book (the Haggadah) itself.  The little-known stories of the Sephardic Jews in medieval times, and their connections with the Arab and African Jewish worlds of that time, are very interesting.  Since the book's origins are not fully revealed until nearly the end of the book, this story forms the central thread.  It shows how many people contribute to its formation and transmission through the ages, and how both great (wars, political upheavals, and genocides) events, and tiny ones (the obtaining of the clips by the Viennese doctor from the syphilitic bookbinder, and their conversion into earrings for the doctor's mistress) have effects on the form and fate of the object.

The "People" of the title, however, seem to be the author's main focus.  You could choose a character (the artist Isabella, perhaps, or Lola) who particularly interests you, and discuss how that person is important to the story. 

The "frame" story, the modern tale of Hanna the book restorer and her family problems, might interest you the most.  How does the story of Hanna's life contribute to the unfolding mystery of the Haggadah?  How does her particular predicament affect how she acts in this story, and how might things have been different if she had had a different background?

Or, you could choose a time period in the history of the book (Sarajevo in WWII, Seville in the 15th century, modern Australia, or 19th-century Vienna) which you find interesting.  Analyzing a particular time period would shed light on what the people of each time and place thought about the book, and might show more about the plot and meaning of the story. 

How old was William Shakespeare when he died?

William Shakespeare's death occured on 23rd April 1616, when he was just fifty two years old. These days that seems pretty young to us, but in those times when mortality was much higher, he didn't do too badly! It seems that, as a successful author and playwright, he enjoyed a fairly comfortable old age as a prosperous man of wealth. We don't know much about his old age, or even his death, burial and funeral service, and indeed there has been some speculation in the past about why this should be so. Some sceptics wonder why there was not more publicity about Shakespeare's death - considering his supposed fame.

Towards the end of his life he wrote works known as 'The Romances (after1608) for example 'The Tempest'.

We can be pretty sure he lived  five years at the close of his life in Stratford and was buried in the church there (Holy Trinity) in Stratford. His 'First Folio' got published in 1623 and was the first time his works were collected together.

A catcher "gives" with a baseball when catching it.If the baseball exerts a force of 462 N on the glove such that the glove is displaced 11.9 cm,...

The work done is the product of force and the distance the glove displaced..

The force is 462N.The distance the force displaced the glove is

11.9cm.

1Joule = 1Newton force acting for a distance of 1 meter = 1N m

Therefore, the work done inthe displacement of the glove=

462N*11.9cm=462N*(11.9/100)M=54.978Nm =54.978J

When were newspapers first published?

In 1605 Johann Carolus published "Relation aller Furnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien" in Strasbourg. This is often recognised as the first newspaper of the modern era.

However, the earliest attempt at collecting and publishing the daily news dates back to 59 B.C. when Julius Caesar appointed reporters known as "actuarii" to gather information on the important events and publish them as "Acta Diurna."

In 1621 the newspaper "Corante" is published in London.

In 1631 the French newspaper "The Gazette" is founded.

In 1690 the first American newspaper "Publick Occurences" is published.

Why did Thomas Hardy write "The Darkling Thrush" and what is its theme?

Thomas Hardy (1840-1928) wrote "The Darkling Thrush" on 31st December 1899. It was first published in "Graphic" with the subtitle "By the Century's Deathbed," and was later published in "The London Times" on New Year's Day 1901.

The poem could be understood as symbolically marking the end of a century and the beginning of a new one. It must be remembered that Queen Victoria died on 22nd January 1901 thus marking the end of a great era, 'The Victorian Age' in English history, literature and culture. Britain's supremacy as a world super power was beginning to be challenged by Germany and the two world wars were imminent. This is the socio-historical background of the publication of this poem.

The first two stanzas of the poem describe the bleakness  of the countryside on a dark, cold wintry evening. The entire  countryside seemed to represent the tomb of the 19th century and the overall mood and atmosphere was one of intense gloom:

The land's sharp features seemed to be
The Century's corpse outleant,     
His crypt the cloudy canopy,
The wind his death-lament.
The ancient pulse of germ and birth
Was shrunken hard and dry,
And every spirit upon earth     
Seemed fervourless as I.

Just when Hardy thought that there was nothing to cheer about he heard the song of a thrush which seemed to give him some hope of a bright future in the coming 20th century. However, Hardy ends the poem on a skeptical note. He says that although the thrush sings cheerfully he is not sure what is the theme of its song  or why it is singing so cheerfully. He says that he cannot see any reason for the cheerfulness of the bird's song in the gloomy and desolate  scene around him:

"So little cause for carolings     
Of such ecstatic sound
Was written on terrestrial things
Afar or nigh around,
That I could think there trembled through
His happy good-night air     
Some blessed Hope, whereof he knew
And I was unaware."

When Hardy wrote this poem he was in sixties, and his novel "Jude the Obscure" (1895) had been criticized harshly and had been burnt in public with the result that Hardy stopped writing novels and turned to writing poetry. The "aged thrush" could thus be seen to represent Hardy himself with the thrush becoming the objective correlative signifying not only the uncertain future of the new 20th century but also the uncertain future of Hardy as a poet:

An aged thrush, frail, gaunt, and small,
In blast-beruffled plume,
Had chosen thus to fling his soul
Upon the growing gloom.

Does Scout learn anything from Walter's visit in To Kill a Mockingbird? If so, what does she learn?

In that the whole of To Kill a Mockingbird can be seen as a coming-of-age novel of sorts, Scout learns much from this short visit from Walter Cunningham. 

Although less important, Scout learns that Walter is very well learned in regards to farming. 

While Walter piled food on his plate, he and Atticus talked together like two men, to the wonderment of Jem and me, . . . expounding upon farm problems. (24)

The poor, then, are not always ignorant about absolutely everything.  In fact, the poor can be incredibly adept at learning a very important trade, . . . it's just that the trade may not pay much money.  A good beginning lesson for Scout to learn about the poor!  Right at her level!

Most important, however, is the twofold lesson that Calpurnia teaches Scout (and Atticus approves with his various "head shaking" at Scouts comments and actions of the scene).  First, Scout learns not to gawk at the poor, for we can never truly empathize with their situation.  For, as Scout gapes at Walter for pouring syrup all over his food, she can't help but notice that both her father and her housekeeper react violently to her treatment of Walter at that point.

However, Calpurnia also teaches Scout a second lesson:  to respect everyone who dines with them, . . . even the poor. 

Don't matter who they are, anybody sets foot in this house's yo' comp'ny, and don't you let me catch you remarkin' on their ways like you was so high and mighty!  Yo' folks might be better'n the Cunninghams but it don't count for nothin' the way you're disgracin' 'em! (24-25)

Or maybe it's more appropriate to say that, at this point in the book, Scout learns that Calpurnia respects everyone who dines with them.  Scout is simply in the middle of the learning process and will eventually learn respect for each person, no matter what walk of life he hails from.

What is the biblical story of Jonah about?no

The story of Jonah and the whale is basically a story of a man's rebellion and how God taught him a lesson he never forgot.

Jonah was a prophet of God.  God told him to go to Ninevah, a very wicked city in those days, and preach to the people.  Jonah knew it was a wicked city and didn't think his preaching to them would do any good.  So, he refused and got on a ship to escape from God (or so he thought).  The ship sailed out into the Mediterranean Sea and a storm came up.  It was so bad that it looked like the ship might sink.  The sailors, who were a very superstitious lot, declared that someone or something on board the ship had cursed it.  They cast lots to determine what or who it was and the lot pointed to Jonah.  Jonah knew it was best for the good of ship that they throw him overboard, so they did.

As Jonah sank down into the depths of the sea, a "large fish" swallowed him.  (I've always been taught that it was a whale that swallowed him.)  He remained in the belly of the whale for several days until God commanded the "fish" to spit him out on land.  Jonah was so humbled by the experience that he went and preached to Ninevah.  To his surprise,  the whole city was converted! 

Instead of being happy, he was cross and went and sat under a vine along the highway.  During the night, a worm bit off the vine and it withered, leaving him to sweat in the hot sun.  Then, God came to him and explained to him that it was by God's power that all things are done.  Just like Jonah couldn't keep the vine alive, he couldn't have control over which people believed in God's word.  What God expected from Him was to do His will and Him control the outcome of it.  Jonah needed to give the glory and honor to God.

What are some extreme attitudes and behaviors in the play Twelfth Night?

One of the themes of Twelfth Night has to do with the extreme behaviors of what Shakespeare equates with insanity in love. One manifestation of this insanity in love is love at first sight. The theme is supported by the Malvolian subplot in which Malvolio is tricked into looking mad and is then imprisoned during which time his persecutors attempt to drive him mad. Since this theme is important to Twelfth night, extreme behaviors abound.

First, is the previously mentioned treatment of Malvolio, which is extreme in the extreme and which was inspired by his own extreme behaviors. Malvolio is guilty on two counts of extremism. For one thing, he expresses the Greek tragical concept of hubris, which is a mixture of excessive self-confident arrogant self-pride. It is true that as a steward to a countess, he has attained a great position of trust and prestige for a commoner, but he overdoes his sense of accomplishment and self-worth. For another thing, he has secretly fallen in love with Countess Olivia who employs him and makes himself ridiculous by muttering sweet love nothings to her in his imaginings, which are unfortunately overheard by his antagonists making him prey to their cruel jest.

The general social order of the time period of Twelfth Night both requires and allows for extreme behavior from women in extreme circumstances. For instance, Viola finds herself in an extreme circumstance after the ship wreck. On one hand, she believes she has lost her twin brother to a death at sea and is overcome with mourning. One the other hand, she has lost the protection of her male escort and is now a gentlewoman traveling in a strange place alone.

The second circumstance forces her to an unorthodox extremity in that she disguises herself as a male and takes employment as a male page to Duke Orsino. In comparison to Viola's circumstance is Olivia's. She too is in mourning for her deceased brother but social order permits her to commit to a bizarre extremity of mourning for seven years with weeping daily. Furthermore, in this social order, people seem to habitually fall in love at first sight: Viola with the Duke; Olivia with Cesario/Viola; Sebastian with Olivia. And people act in the extreme by giving love irrationally as is the case with Duke Orsino for Olivia.

What is the critical analysis of this poem " The Portrait" by Stanley Kunitz.My mother never forgave my fatherfor killing himself,especially at...

Kimfuji's analysis of this poem is very good. His father was absent but the effect of the 

circumstances of that absence and his mother's unresolved reaction to it had

left a haunting 

presence of his father. I especially like what Kimfuji wrote about the "sins of the father.." I 

have to disagree with her last sentence though. The poem is factual. Solomon Kunitz did 

commit suicide and Stanley was slapped for bringing out his portrait but the father did not 

kill the son, he wounded him. Stanley Kunitz was able to confront this, reconcile with it and 

live successfully as a poet until he was 100!

What is a brief character description of Ophelia with four key words?Shakespeare's "Hamlet"

In accordance with the above post, Ophelia's naive, pure character acts as a foil to the corrupt characters of Claudius, Gertrude, Polonius, Rosencrantz, Guildenstein, and others of the Danish court.  It is no mere venomous refrain that Hamlet issues Ophelia when he charges her to "get thee to a nunnery. Why would thou be a breeder of sinners?" (III,i,119). She is not like his mother, whom Hamlet perceives as having both betrayed his father and incestuous in her lust.

It is also no coincidence that Hamlet's lashing remarks in Act III follow his famous "to be or not to be" soliloquy in which he has wrestled with morality and the expediency of avenging his father's death.  After his "perusal of [Ophelia's] face"(II,i,89), and his raising a sigh so "piteous and profound," (II,i,93) the contrast of the purity of Ophelia reminds Hamlet so much of the degenerate behavior of others, that he orders her away having recognized her vulnerability.

Three adjectives and a noun to describe Ophelia:  ingenuous, naive, guillible, and a foil to the other characters. 

In Act III, Scene 5 of Much Ado About Nothing, what are Leonato's thoughts while he is on the way to Hero's wedding?

In Much Ado About Nothing, on the morning of Hero's intended wedding to Claudio, Leonato is finishing his preparations and just about to leave when he is accosted by Dogberry and Verges who attempt to claim Leonato's attention to give two prisoners their examination to obtain their evidence. Leonato admonishes Dogberry and Verges to take the examination themselves as he must leave. They importune (urge) Leonato, but he holds firm and is both bemused by them ("Indeed ... he comes too short of you") and curtly hasty ("Neighbours, you are tedious") because he is feeling the rush of his wedding day preparations ("I must leave you"). He finally adjures them to take on the responsibility of the examination just as a messenger enters to say that the wedding party is all gathered and awaiting his presence: "My lord, they stay for you to give your daughter to / her husband." At which point Leonato exits with the messenger and proceeds on his way to church.

In these circumstances, Leonato may be thinking of three different things. He may be thinking about what blundering men Dogberry and Verges are with their "auspicious" prisoner and their "suffigance" and wondering about the crime of the prisoners. Or he may be thinking about how he regrets having been delayed so long that Hero had to send a messenger for him, possibly worrying her and disturbing her wedding day joy. Or he may have been thinking about his joy combined with Hero's at the upcoming happy nuptial about to take place. Or, depending on how far away the chapel is, he may have been thinking of all in succession or in a simultaneous jumbled chaos. What is clear is that when he gets to the church, he requires Friar Francis to "be brief" and give only the short, or "plain form," of marriage while reserving the instruction in the bride and grooms "particular duties" for afterward.

Which are the tools used in CAD, instead the classical ones (pencil,eraser,ruler, rapporteur, compass)?

CAD has a great number of tools from which we can enumerate:

-Automatic generation of graphics: text in various formats, simple graphics entities (rectangles, regular polygons, ellipses) or complex graphics entities;

-Copying or moving graphics elements on the drawing; -Automatic multiplication of graphic elements in circular or rectangular arrays;

-Saving design in electronic form and the possibility of  transfer it to another user on a CD or by Internet;

-Creation and running of programs in different programming languages to eliminate routine work.

Having the function f(x)=ax+b which passes through the points A(-3,2) B(-4,5) and c=b-a, then which is the value of C ?

When a line having function

f(x) = ax + b   ... (1)

passes through two points A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2), the value of a is given by:

a = (y2 - y1)/(x2 - x1)   ... (2)

As per the question the values of the coordinates of the points A and B are:

x1 = -3 and y1 = 2

x2 = -4 and y2 = 5

Substituting these values in equation (2) we get:

a = (5 - 2)/[-4 - (-1)}] = 3/-1 = -3

substituting this value of a and of x1, and y1 in equation (1) we get:

2 = -3*(-3) + b

Therefor: 2 = 9 + b

Or:

b = -7

It is given:

c = b - a

Substituting values of a and b in above equation we get:

c = -7 - (-3) = -4

Answer: c = -4

What does the line "I can't do it" in the second chapter of The Sun Also Rises mean?I want to know what it refers to.

In Chapter II of the book, Robert Cohen is sleeping in the office.  When Jake Barnes goes to wake him up, Cohen says "I can't do it."

To me, this statement is meant to refer to being content with one's current surroundings and life.  Jake and Robert have just spent the whole chapter talking about why Robert is unhappy and why he can't just be content to stay in Paris.

Since this is what the whole chapter has been about, and since this inability to find happiness is one of Robert's main traits, that is what I think he is referring to when he talks in his sleep.

What happens at the end of the story "An Occurence at Owl Creek Bridge?

The entire story leads up to the tragic end where Farquhar dies.  The story wanders rather slowly through different events in his life.  Thus, the story is ultimately a flashback, because Farquhar begins by standing on the scaffold.  The end is where he is actually hanged.  His hanging happens when he is in a dreamlike sequence where he is running towards his home and his wife.  One can assume this to be his most recent memory.

What are the three branches of the national government?

The three branches of the national government are the legislative, the executive, and the judicial.

The legislative branch is the Congress.  In general, their job is to make the laws for the country.

The executive branch is headed by the President.  It also includes all the government workers like the FBI, the CIA, the IRS, the Park Service, etc.  Their job is to carry out (execute) the laws that are made by the Congress.

The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court.  It also includes other federal courts.  Its job is to interpret the laws made by Congress and to interpret the Constitution.

In these ways, there are three branches that all have different jobs to do.  This is called Separation of Powers.

Holden is often hypocritical—he says one thing but does another. Analyze three examples of him being hypocritical in The Catcher in the Rye.

Holden says that he is the "most terrific liar he ever met" in the beginning of Chapter 3.   But he spends a great deal of time talking about how much he hates "phonies"!  This is a central contradiction in Holden's behavior throughout the book.  Holden hates it when anyone is insincere or less than truthful with him, but he tells lies throughout the book to almost everyone he meets. 

With Ackley, also in Chapters 3 and 4, Holden complains that his next-door neighbor spends all his time in Holden and Stradlater's room.  But later, in Chapter 7, Holden goes to Ackley's room and stays there -- going so far as to lay down in Ackley's roommate's bed for a time.  The disrespect of other people's boundaries that Holden criticizes Ackley so severely for he exhibits in the exact same way.

In regards to money, Holden does several hypocritical things.  But perhaps the sharpest is when, in Chapter 1, he criticizes his brother D.B. for going to Holllywood and "prostituting himself" by writing screenplays for the movies.  D.B. had once been a "regular writer", and now he has made a great deal of money writing for the movies.  Holden is critical of this, but Holden likes what money can give him.  He spends a great deal of money -- almost all of the money he had on him when he left Pencey, in the two days after he left school.  He likes to throw money around, but he criticizes his brother for earning it. This is certainly hypocritical.

What are the symbolic meanings of fences?How effective is this choice of symbol?

Are you perhaps referring to Robert Frost's poem 'Mending Wall' here? Of course he is not the only writer to discuss the themes of barriers, divisions, fences and walls in our society and in Nature.

In that particular poem, Robert Frost actually talks about two forms of human-made barier fences and walls. He begins by challenging the old saying 'good fences make good neighbors' in which man protects himself from confrontation and loss of privacy as well as damage and loss of property through the building of sound fences. The better the fence, the better (more considerate,dependable,respectful) the neighbor.Frost challenges the assumption that all things think the same about the benefits of this arrangement:

'Something there is that does not like a wall'

Then Robert Frost goes on to tell us what it is. It could be nature (such as the soil, water, moles, birds) which totally ignore man's superficial and pointless barrier and run under, across or on top of it. Some people think that he may have been referring to the Cold War or even the Berlin Wall here. Frost was actually in England at the time he was inspired to write this poem...he was reminiscing about his much-beloved walled landscape back home in the US.

What is the conflict in "Among the Hidden?"

I think there are at least a couple of possibilities for what the conflict is in this book.  We know for sure that Luke Garner is the protagonist and he is definitely one part of the conflict.  But who is he in conflict with?

The first possiblity is that Luke is in conflict with the government.  He wants to live and grow and learn, but the government does not want him to exist. In this view, Luke is a representative of people in general and the government stands for society.  The conflict represents our struggle as individuals to be what we want to be even if society disapproves.

The second possibility is that there is an internal conflict within Luke.  He is struggling to grow up (a coming of age story) and overcome the limitations of the situation he has been born into.

Who is the narrator Lizabeth of Marigolds speaking to when she writes "...as I desperately pass away the time waiting for you, who will not...

My edition of the story (in "Elements of Literature - Third Course") only has "I remember them vividly now as I desperately pass away the time..." to end the second paragraph.

Interesting difference... I guess I read it as the (much) older Elizabeth looking back fondly on her childhood whilst she is trying to fill her days with actions.

Based on your quote, however, my first reaction to seeing it was that she was speaking to her earlier, pre-end-of-innocence self - wanting to regain that childhood innocence, that time when she had "an unseeing acceptance of things at face value, an ignorance of the area below the surface." Let's face it - life was much less complicated and didn't involve the emotions that the narrator experiences at the end of the story - "ashamed", "humiliating moment" and "wild contrition". 

What type of experiments did Dr. Josef Mengele perform at Auschwitz?

Dr. Josef Mengele, a physician at Auschwitz concentration camp, was known as the Angel of Death.  He tortured men, women and children.  He performed surgeries and medical procedures on prisoners in the camp without anesthesia.  He had a particular interest in twins and genetic traits.  He transferred blood from one person to another, put chemicals into children's eyes to see if he could change their eye colors. He even castrated some of the children and transferred organs from one child to another. 

In the death camps, he often pretended to be a friend to the children bringing them candy, clothing, and treats.  However, they soon learned that trust in his gifts was short lived as they became his victims.

He was an elegant well-respected physician, father, and husband.  Yet, he kept the gas chambers in supply of bodies.  He also had a fascination with dwarfs.  On occasion he had twins sewn together to create Siamese twins.  Most children were killed after the experiments failed or he was done with them.

Mengele's own study being primarily in genetics was partially due to his hope in determining how the incidence of twins could be genetically increased so that he could help to create more Aryan children for the government.  He also linked his genetic studies to racism developing circumstantial diagnosis on the shape, nose bridge, and other features to provide his comrades evidence that Jews and gypsies were inferior and a sub race.

He never did prove any of his theories and none of his work has ever been defined as noteworthy with the exception as being horrific and cruel.

What is the philosophy of sociology? What does it entail?

Sociology is study of human behavior as members of groups and institutions. It is one of the branches of group of behavior sciences and is closely related to other sciences like psychology, and anthropology. It studies how people relate to each other and to their environment, and covers every aspects of human social conditions. It studies various aspects of group behavior in general such as how groups are formed, and how groups are broken, what makes group cohesive, and behavior of the group is determined and regulated. It also studies behavior of specific types of groups and institutions such as religious institutions, schools and business organizations.

The total scope of sociology may be divided in five broad ares of studies. These are population studies, social behavior, social institutions, cultural influences, and social change.

Sociological data and concepts help to explain and manage effectively many social issues such as crime, poverty, domestic violence, leadership, mass communication, and spread of rumors. Thus sociology can be used to find solutions to many social problems.

In the past philosophers, and thinkers concerned with human behavior have investigated and commented about many issues that now form a part of sociology. But today,sociology is an independent field of science.

Summarize 'Gender

The word "gender" has at least two common meanings. The two meanings, interestingly enough, are conflicting.

The first meaning is biological sex. Often we you fill out a form, you'll see under "Gender" two boxes: female or male. "Sex" is used on forms, too, but "Gender" seems to be just as common. I wonder if people use "Gender" here as a sort of euphemism, as "Sex" has other meanings, too.

The second meaning deals not with biological sex but with the full range of social roles and performances that are commonly associated with women or men. Recent theorists (e.g. Judith Butler) have built impressive and elaborate theories around the idea of gender not as an essence (i.e. something that you are) but as a performance (i.e. something that you do).

One of the initial drives to separate the categories of "sex" and "gender" (in the sense of its second meaning) came from second-wave feminists in the late 1960s and early 1970s. They sought, in their various ways, to resist simple stereotypes about how women should behave or think. More recently, with more women in leadership positions and greater public awareness of transsexualism, etc., I think a number of people often have a fairly sophisticated sense of how biological sex and gender performance don't always match up in expected ways.

To what kind of professional athlete is the "Government Officer" compared to in Charles Dickens' Hard Times?

Ch.2  - appropriately entitled "Murdering the Innocents" - of Charles Dickens' Hard Times is a harshly satirical attack on the contemporary system of school education which cruelly snuffed out the faculty of imagination of small children in the guise of overwhelming their tender minds with useless facts. Dickens presents the schoolmaster Thomas Gradgrind as

a kind of cannon loaded to the muzzle with facts, and prepared to blow them clean out of the regions of childhood at one discharge. He seemed a galvanizing apparatus, too, charged with a grim mechanical substitute for the tender young imaginations that were to be stormed away.

A little later, the Government Officer is introduced as a "pugilist," that is, a boxer. Dickens mocks at him as a person who literally "knocks the wind out of common sense." Dickens sarcastically describes him using the jargon and phraseology of boxing:

The third gentleman now stepped forth. A mighty man at cutting and drying, he was; a government officer; in his way (and in most other people's too), a professed pugilist; always in training, always with a system to force down the general throat like a bolus, always to be heard of at the bar of his little Public-office, ready to fight all England. To continue in fistic phraseology, he had a genius for coming up to the scratch, wherever and whatever it was, and proving himself an ugly customer. He would go in and damage any subject whatever with his right, follow up with his left, stop, exchange, counter, bore his opponent (he always fought All England) to the ropes, and fall upon him neatly. He was certain to knock the wind out of common-sense, and render that unlucky adversary deaf to the call of time. And he had it in charge from high authority to bring about the great public-office Millennium, when Commissioners should reign upon earth.

Dickens' specific target of satire was one Henry Cole the General Superintendent of the Board of Trade's Department of Practical Art, who constantly strived  to propagate the materialistic and utilitarian principles of Victorian England in all walks of life.

In Cry, the Beloved Country, why does Absolam's girlfriend have no name?

In Cry, the Beloved Country, Absalom has a girlfriend about whom Kumalo learns when in search of Absalom who had been jailed for theft. His good behavior and intentions to reform had caused the jail keeper to befriend him, find him living quarters, a job and to release him early.

Kumalo went with the jailer to where Absalom was staying and there they learn that Absalom has abandoned his girlfriend and returned to his bad companions and to living a life of crime. The girlfriend is given no name because she is irrelevant.

The ties to life and love and family that she represents cannot rival or break the ties of the destroying power of bad companions and crime. This is one of the messages of Cry, the Beloved Country, that the environment (in this case, the city and its wanton inhabitants) can drown all good instincts, all good desires, all good training and even the power of love.

What is the relationship between Elie and his father in the novel Night?

Elie and his father have a changing relationship in the memoir.  At the beginning, their relationship is a typical older father--know-it-all son relationship.  Elie's father doesn't have much use for Elie's interests (Cabbalism), and Elie sees his father as distant from him and nonchalant about the warning signs of the approaching deportation.

In the book's middle chapters, Elie and his father become equals.  Elie, the physically stronger of the pair, ensures his own survival, and his father tries to encourage Elie emotionally and psychologically.

Finally, near the end of Night when Chlomo's health deteriorates, Elie takes over the "adult" role by caring for his father and making life-or-death decisions.

Ironically, in the midst of something as abnormal and horrific as the concentration camps and Holocaust, Elie and his father's relationship follows the typical pattern of most father-son relationships, just at an advanced speed, for many adults in today's society find themselves in roles of authority over their aging parents, providing for them physically and emotionally, just as Elie had to do for his father, even when he was just a teen.

My question is- when did tears come to perkins eyes? What do perkins tears signify? What was the outcome or result?

In O'Henry's short story "THE PENDULUM" the character Mr. Perkins lives a mundane routine existence.  He relates to the passengers and himself as being like a sheep as he rides the Manhattan Elevated car.  He lives a dull life with every routine laid out for him.  He knows that he will go home, find his wife Katy waiting for him.  He will eat with her, look at the newspaper, and get his hat and go out to a local pub where he will shoot pool. 

One day he comes home and Katy is gone.  Her clothing is in disarray.  He finds her note that tells him she has gone to her mothers.  Her mother is ill.  In her absence John Perkins begins to be thrown off by his change in routine.  He also makes a big discovery.  In order for him to be happy he needs Katy in his life. 

"He knew now that Katy was necessary to
his happiness."

He vows that upon her return he will change and demonstrate more appreciation for her.  As he is looking at her shirt he smells the scent of bluebells.  He realizes how wrong and unappreciative her has been of Katy. He cries at her absence and his loss and the realization of how important she is in his life.

"Tears:--yes,
tears--came into John Perkins' eyes."

However, upon her arrival home.  He returns to his routine and behavior that he had exhibited before Katy had gone. 

What are some examples of existentialism in "The Guest" by Albert Camus?

Camus does not explicitly reveal his existential philosophy through his narration or his character's quotes.  He sets up the story to be an existential predicament.

First, look for quotes of alienation and aloneness.  The rocky terrain.  The barren landscape.  Daru's solitary schoolhouse.  The gendarme and the prisoner out in the snow.

Second, look at the choices that each character is given, and how each character avoids choice.  The gendarme hands over the prisoner to a civilian.  Daru tries to set the prisoner free.  The prisoner could have led a life of freedom, but chose not to.  These are existential predicaments.

Camus say that there are two choices: freedom and death.  The prisoner had a chance to join the nomads (freedom); instead, he walked to the prison (death).  What's worse, Daru made no choice at all.

Evaluate the experiment below, identifying energy loss and errors, and access their effect on the efficiency?The experiment was 'Determining the...

The details of  the experiment is given partially.

It requires information of energy imput given to the system . We suppose it depends on the time , and you calculated correctly, and the energy is E say. (but you did not mention what is E.

The quantum of heat utilsed by 1000 g of water could easily calculated if the initial temerature of the water before heating  and at the boiling point are given. The energy is the product of mass of water and the difference temperature in Kelvin  and 4.186/1000 K Joule.

Make an allowance for the kettle's energy raise as it also raises in temperature.

So the efficiency of the inter conversion is = {Energy due to raise in temperature of kettle+energy utilised by 1000 g water to raise its temperature to boiling point)/supplied enrgy}*100 %.

Therefore the energy loss = (100-efficiency in percent)%

What were America's motives for waging war in Mexico in 1848 ?Does the war against Mexico represent the values Americas associated with the United...

The motive that most historians give for our war with Mexico is the idea of Manifest Destiny/the desire to gain more land for the United States.

To some extent, the war did represent American values.  We wanted, in part, to spread our system of government over more of the continent and we saw Mexico as a backwards society whose governmental system was worse than ours. So the war is partly in line with the American value of spreading democracy.

On the other hand, waging war to get more land is not really in line with American values.

As far as Iraq and Afghanistan go, you could argue that they're related to Manifest Destiny (though that term is usually only applied to our taking of North America).  They are definitely related to the idea of our trying to spread our system of government and values to other countries.

In chapter 8, Gift for the Darkness, Golding says, “They [the hunters] agreed passionately out of the depths of their tormented private lives.”...

In Chapter 8 the reader sees the build up of Jack’s conflict with Ralph.  Jack and Ralph have seen what they believe is a beast.  Ralph tries to explain that only armed with spears and sticks that Jack and the hunters could not kill the best.  Jack takes the conch and calls a meeting.  He is trying to take over as the leader of the group.  He begins to start the other boys looking at Ralph as a coward. 

Jack separates his "tribe" from Ralph's group.  Some of the older boys have gone with him leaving behind Ralph and most of the littleuns.  Jack tells the boys they will hunt and that he is their chief.  He tells them to forget about the best.

"They agreed passionately out of the depths of their tormented private lives." ((133)

The statement can be viewed to mean several different things.  The boys all came from different homes.  There was an apocalyptic event that led to them being transported to safety.  In the back of their minds they must have been worried about what had happened to their families.  In this manner they were tortured.

Another message that the statement supports is that the boys have been living on the island in fear.  They have no adult to guide them or help them to meet their basic needs.  They are dependent on the ideas of Jack and up till now Ralph.  Each boy has experienced his own internal torture as they cope with the fear of the beast.  They do not know yet that the beast is within them and they have chosen the path that will lead them to become the beast with Jack.

What are Chapters Three and Four about in The City Of Ember?

Chapter 3 in The City of Ember talks about Doon ariving at the Pipeworks with anticipation. Airlin, the Pipeworks director's assistant guides Doon around his work site. She shows him around and they find Tunnel 97 where they set to work. To get to Tunnel 97, they had to follow a complicated route via passageways along pipes that carried water to all the buildings of Ember. During their lunch break, Airlin goes off to meet some friends and Doon finds his way back to the main tunnel using his map, determined to find something interesting or a slight clue to help save Ember but to no avail. He gets home angrily and hurls a shoe heel with all high might and accidentally hits his father. His father ecnourages him and tells him that he can find lots of bugs at the tunnel as Doon has always been fond of bugs.

In Chapter 4, Granny frantically searches for something which she feels has been lost but she does not exactly know what has been lost and what is it that she is looking for. Lina gets worried about this unusual behaviour of Granny latetly and she worries that Granny may not be able to look after her younger sister Poppy. Therefore, she heads down to Mrs. Murdo, her neighbour, and asks if she could keep an eye on Granny and Mrs. Murdo promises that she will. Lina takes a message to Clary given by Arbin Swinn to add four extra crates to his order, two of potatoes and two of cabbages. Clary and Lina have a small chat on how it is not possible to add extra potatoes to Arbin's orders as there happens to be a new disease which causes infections to the potatoes. Just as Lina is about to leave, she hears a wail followed by loud sobs. Sadge Merrall, a clerk in the Supply Depot pants and fearfully tells them what he sees in the darkness. Two gaurds come over to take him away. Lina tells Clary that she imagines about another City where everything is bright. Clary listens thoughtfully and says she has to get back to work and hands a few beans to Lina for her to grow them. Lina departs thanking her.

In "The Crucible" what is the significance of the behind the scenes discussion between Hathorne, Danforth, and the Coreys?

This background sequence, which can be found at the beginning of act three, relays important information about the Corey family.  We learn more information about Martha's arrest, and that Giles is very upset about it.  He comes in, figurative guns blazing, ready to take down the courts to save his wife. And indeed, when Giles walks in, they are in the middle of accusing her of reading fortunes, a charge unrelated to the pig one upon which she was arrested, so who knows what else they are going to bring up.

This conversation is also significant because it reveals the hard-hearted nature of the courts, and their willingness to arrest anyone who causes a disturbance of any kind.  As soon as Giles breaks in, Hathorne demands, "Arrest him your excellency," and all chaos erupts.  The courts don't even pause before deciding that he must be arrested.  He shouts out some pretty significant charges, that "Thomas Putnam is killing his neighbors for their land," and they immediately turn on Giles, not Thomas.  This shows that the courts are predisposed to favor anyone who supports their already-made arrests, and to automatically discredit anyone who is trying to prove truth.  It reveals the snap judgments and prejudiced nature of the judges themselves.

I hope that those thoughts helped a bit; good luck!

Contrast the building of the two major climaxes of To Kill a Mockingbird (the trial verdict and the trip home from the halloween pageant).

The trial has caused a tremendous amount of anticipation among the townspeople.  The black people are gathered in the top of the court room.  The white people sit in their section.  The courtroom is packed to the rim.  Yet, despite so many people there is no sound.  Scout and Jem sit patiently along with the people .  They are waiting.  The children are sure their Atticus has proven that Tom Robinson is innocent of beating and raping the Ewell girl.  A clock strikes eight times.  The clock strikes eleven times.  The night is hot.  Scout shivers.  Outside the street is empty.  The people are all waiting in the courtroom.  It is a hot summer night but it is as cold as winter. (It serves as an omen.)  Then, as if in a dream the jury returns.  The jury does not look at the defendant when they convict him.  The jury is not looking at Tom Robinson.  The paper with the verdict is passed to the judge.  GUILTY!  GUILTY!  GUILTY!  The black people stood up out of respect to Atticus.

The children have stayed after school because Scout embarrassed herself during the play.  She had not been paying attention and when it was her turn to say her part she had to be called on.  She was so embarrassed she asked Jem to wait with her until everyone left.  They wait until the parking lot is empty.  Unlike the courtroom there are no people in sight.  Scout is wearing a ham costume that makes walking difficult.  It is an October night.  The weather is warm for the time of year.  The wind is blowing strong.  Scout has no shoes on as she had left them at the now locked auditorium.  They are walking and hear a noise but they think it is Scout’s costume.  They become aware someone or something is following them.  Scout visibility is blocked by her costume.  Scout asks Jem if he is afraid.  They are alone except for the presence that is following them. They can hear the presence shuffle and drag his feet.  They hear the thing running towards them.  RUN!  RUN!  RUN! (The three words are repeated just like the words Guilty! Guilty! Guilty,! had been repeated at Tom’s hearing.  Scout falls and the wire in her costume is crushing her.  She is trapped by the chicken wire of her costume.  Someone rolls against her.  She sees Jem get up fast and trying to pull her.  They run but don’t get far.  They hear a violent cough.  A man is breathing heavily.  He groans. Scout knows there are four people present; she and Jem and two others.  The man is moving towards them.  She touches someone and smells whiskey.  She sees man moving across the road carrying someone.  She moves along the road.  She is no longer with Jem.  The man carried Jem to the house.  Scout runs to the house.

Contrasts:

Courthouse/Verdict:

Hope is present as the children think that Tom will be found innocent.

The night is warm but it feels very cold.

The children are surrounded by people who care about them and respect their father.

The scene is dream like.

Despite the large crowd od people there is no sound.

Everything happens at a slow pace.

Halloween Night/Walk Home

The children are alone.

There is a feeling of fear in the children.

They are being followed by an entity that hates their father and wishes to harm them.

The children hear noises in the night.

Everything happens quickly.

With regard to Clarisse, how does Mildred typify the broken relationship between herself and Montag?

Mildred doesn't seem to understand her husband's distress at Clarisse's disappearance and possible death. For Mildred, the family within her TV walls is more important than actual, living, breathing humans. This conversation comes at the point when Montag has been agonizing for days over what has happened to Clarisse, and he finally bring sup the nerve to speak about it in bed. First, he must remove the Seashell form his wife's ear; even in bed she cannot stand to be without an electronic barrier between them. Montag asks her about Clarisse and she replies:

"I meant to tell you. Forgot. Forgot."

"Tell me now. What is it?"

"I think she's gone."

"Gone?"

"Whole family moved out somewhere. But she's gone for good. I think she's dead."

"We couldn't be talking about the same girl."

"No. The same girl. McClellan. McClellan. Run over by a car. Four days ago. I'm not sure. But I think she's dead. The family moved out anyway. I don't know. But I think she's dead."

Mildred's constant repeating of information shows that one: she cannot process what Montag is asking her, and two: she is so uninterested in what actually happens in life that this conversation means little to her. She explains the death of a teenage girl as casually as she might discuss the weather, & with less emotion than she gives her "family". Thus, she cannot connect with Montag, who is beginning to question the world around him, & his role in it.

Why doesn't Dill plan to come to Maycomb this summer in To Kill a Mockingbird?

    The summer begins badly for Scout in Chapter 12 of Harper Lee's novel, To Kill a Mockingbird. Jem is "growing up" and hasn't much time for his sister, so Scout spends time in the kitchen with Calpurnia until it is time for Dill to arrive.

    But summer came and Dill was not there.

When Scout receives a letter from Dill, she discovers that he has a new father. He is a lawyer, like Atticus, and they will have to stay in Meridian, Mississippi to build a boat. Scout is happy for Dill, whose parents rarely spend much time with him, but she is crushed that her fiance will not be there with her.
    Of course, Dill eventually shows up, surprising Jem and Scout with his appearance but not with his new array of stories.

How did the people of the community know how old they were?

Once they are adults, they typically do not even know how old they are.  There is very little in the way of change and there aren't things like holidays to help mark the passage of time.  Jonas's mom says that once you pass twelve, you do not usually know how old you are unless you care enough to go check the government records.

Before that, it's easy to know how old you are because the government has you in classes that correspond to your age.  If you are 9, you are in the nines, etc.

In regards to Great Expectations, I am trying to find a quote that initializes Pip's love for Joe.The quote should be located between Chapters 1-18...

The initial description of Joe by Pip in Chapter II of "Great Expectations" certainly connotes Pip's love and devotion to Joe as a small child:

He was a mild, good-natured, sweet-tempered, easy-going, foolish, dear fellow--a sort of Hercules in strength, and also in weakness....Joe and I being fellow-sufferers....

Later, in Chapter VII, as Joe explains to Pip why he married Mrs. Joe, Pip is touched by the genuine and kind feelings of Joe.  For, he tells Pip that when he looks at his wife, he sees his long-suffering mother, and is hesitant in being too mean to his wife.  He would rather, he explains, be too lenient than be cruel, adding that he hopes Pip will "overlook her shortcomings."  As Pip listens to Joe open his heart to him, Pip states,

Young as I was, I believe that I dated a new admiration for Joe from that night.  We were equals afterwards, as we had been before; but, afterwards, at quiet times when I sat looking at Joe and thinking about him, I had a new sensation of feeling conscious that I was looking up to Joe in my heart.

This admiration continues for Pip, for when he fabricates his visit to Satis House and Joe rolls his eyes, Pip feels "penitence" for having lied;

Toward Joe, and Joe only I considered myself a young monster.

He later confesses to Joe, who scolds him against lying; however, he encourages the boy by saying that Pip has intelligence and will become a scholar.  From his words, Pip is encouraged:

There was some hope in this piece of wisdom, and it rather encouraged me.

 Friend, father, and mentor--Joe is all these to Pip.

What are some important quotes from Chapters 9-11 of "Into the Wild"?Need Page Number

In Chapter Nine, page 96, Ken Sleight, who is considered somewhat of an expert on the subject of Everett Ruess and his adventures in the wilderness, compares Ruess and Christopher McCandless:

"Everett was strange," Sleight concedes. "Kind of different. But him and McCandless, at least they tried to follow their dream.  That's what was great about them.  They tried.  Not many do."

One of the reasons this quote may be considered important is that it may cause the reader to consider the actions of McCandless in a more "pure" light, as opposed to being centered on selfishness or inconsideration; the reader may more easily forgive McCandless for his lack of preparation.

On page 102 of Chapter Ten, Sam McCandless, who had received a phone call informing him of his younger half-brother's death, says

"...I knew right away.  There was no doubt.  It was Chris.  I went home, picked up Michele, my wife, and drove out to Maryland to tell Dad and Billie.  I didn't know what I was going to say.  How do you tell someone that their child is dead?"

Earlier in the chapter (page 101), Sam recalls reading an article about an unnamed hiker who had died in the Alaskan wilderness and being unaware of the hiker's identity.

It didn't occur to me that the hiker might be Chris.  Never even crossed my mind.  It's ironic because when I read the article I thought, 'Oh, my God, what a terrible tragedy.  I really feel sorry for the family of this guy, whoever they are.  What a sad story.'

These  two quotes from Sam McCandless illustrate the conflicting emotions and shock that must have assailed the McCandless clan and those close to "Alex," such as Wayne Westerberg.

Chapter Eleven discloses a lot of information regarding Chris's family, especially his mother, father, and little sister.  A better understanding of the dynamics of the home in which Chris was raised allows the reader to form more powerful opinions of Chris's actions as an adult and to better consider the results of his abandonment of this family as it pertains to those individuals.  On page 104, Walt McCandless voices the question that must have tormented his family:

"How is it," he wonders aloud as he gazes blankly across Chesapeake Bay," that a kid with so much compassion could cause his parents so much pain?"

I am writing a paper on Parker's poem "Victoria," and would like some feedback to help me with my interpretation.I can't find any critical...

The poem "Victoria" is about the death of Queen Victoria of England, the longest ruling monarch to date, at her death.  She was a very powerful icon during a time of industrial, scientific and military "movement" in her country, and overpowering (and unwelcomed) colonization of places, for example, like India, of which she declared herself empress.

The poem begins by making note of Victoria in death (she laid in state for two days), in highest glory ("excelsis gloria").  Parker comments on the Queen's appearance, all very proper.  And propriety was synonymous with Victoria.

There may be a play on words, stating that her soul (perhaps a double entendre for "sole") lay at her feet, not a very flattering image, as one would expect her soul not to be earth-bound or at her feet (a subservient location, especially for a queen), but to be heaven-bound.  To further the insult, her soul rests where the likeness of a bishop's dog might lie at the base of a marble statue of said bishop.

The focus abruptly turns to the Queen's dead husband, who had passed long before she died.  Perhaps she refers to a statue of him that is "lavishly arrayed," or lavishly dressed.  But she points out that his soul is somewhere different than where she has says Victoria's soul rests.  Albert's soul is said to be flying where his heart had stayed (not, again, with Victoria).

Though Parker mentions that Albert's spirit walks in peace, 'it has been said that it has never been seen in Scotland.'  This is not immediately clear as Victoria and Albert had a castle in Scotland where they embraced all things Scottish.

The only possibility that comes to mind is that before Albert died (he passed when Victoria was 42), he had appointed John Brown to be Victoria's personal aid.  After Albert died, Brown was indispensable to her--later named the Queen's Highland Servant.

While there has been no suggestion of impropriety during Albert's life, over the years there has been speculation that Victoria and Brown might have been involved romantically after Albert died.  With the suggestion that Albert's soul was wandering, he might not have wandered in Scotland for this reason.

What is the significance of Osborne's use of symbols in Look Back in Anger?

Osborne’s play, Look Back in Anger, is about just that: anger. Whether you are talking about Jimmy, Alison, Cliff, or Helena, the reader can’t escape that theme. This is true even in regards to the symbols of the play. In addition to the symbols above, I would like to mention the symbolism corresponding to a couple of very important sound images in Osborne’s Look Back in Anger: the bells and the trumpet.

While both the bells and the trumpet symbolize intrusion, the former symbolizes the intrusion of the Christian church and the latter symbolizes the intrusion of Jimmy’s control (or Jimmy’s presence). First, the trumpet sound is significant in that Jimmy, himself, plays that instrument and, further, the music played upon the trumpet is jazz music. Jazz music, of course, is known for breaking free of former convention and exerting its own control. The entire play takes place in a small apartment and, because there are times when Jimmy isn’t in this apartment, it is through the sound of his jazz trumpet that he can still control the actions (or at least insert himself) in that small space of the play. Secondly, the church bells are also heard often within the walls of the small apartment. They are a symbol of the church’s power over human life and, specifically, over the lives of the people living in the apartment. Even further, the church bells are heard no matter what is going in the small space. This shows that the church is oblivious to the emotions running high in people’s lives. Even worse, the church doesn’t care at all whether people are looking back in anger or feeling peace. This symbol, of course, leaves a negative impression of the church on the reader.

In conclusion, it is important to understand how sound images can, in fact, be used as symbols. Images are simply ideas that stimulate one of our five senses as human. Just because something as simple as the ringing of church bells is a sound image doesn’t mean that it is limited to the literary technique of imagery.  As you can see from this explanation, the sound image itself can stimulate our senses as well as represent something else. In this case, the two represent Jimmy’s presence (the trumpet sound image) and the power of Christianity (the bell image).

Explain whether a monopoly firm can achieve allocative efficiency in the long run.

A firm can never achieve allocative efficiency if it is a monopoly. It will always produce too few of its good or service and will always charge too much for it/them.

In perfect competition, firms produce the number of goods/services where the price for each unit of the good or service is equal to the marginal cost (MC) for the last unit produced. When this happens, firms are producing the quantity of goods and services that the market demands at the lowest possible price. In a monopoly, a firm can produce a quantity of goods/services where the price is greater than the MC. This quantity will be lower than what the market demands and the price of each good or service will be higher than necessary.

If a firm did this in perfect competition, other firms would enter the market, driving the price down and driving up the quantity of goods or services produced. In a monopoly, other firms are barred from entering the market. Therefore, the monopoly remains free to charge the higher price and produce the lower quantity.

In Angela's Ashes, what disease does Frank have and what are its symptoms/effects?

Frank McCourt suffered from typhoid fever.  A portion of the autobiography, "Typhoid Fever," is often excerpted and anthologized.  In this excerpt, Frank's condition is discussed as well as his experience in a quarantined hospital.  He spends his time with a young girl who does not have typhoid fever but who suffers from diptheria and malaria.

Frank's illness, typhoid, still exists today, but not in such widespread variations.  Normally, patients get it from eating questionable foods or drinking contaminated beverages.  In Frank's case, even though he lived in an industrialized country, he lived there when Ireland was in the midst of harsh times (famine, economic depression, and poor sanitary conditions).  The Irish and others who contracted typhoid often got it by eating foods that had not been cleaned properly or drinking water that had some sewage in it.

According to the CDC, typhoid lives in the intestines and presents itself through high fever, "flat, rose-colored spots," and stomach pains/loss of appetite.

What is Dimmesdale's decision in response to Hester's plea that he leave the colony in Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter?

In Chapter XVII of Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter, Hester awaits the passage of Arthur Dimmesdale on a path through the forest.  When she encouters the minister, Hester, distraught over the tremendous psychological damage that Roger Chillingworth has wrought upon him, informs Dimmesdale of Chillingworth's true identity.  This new information greatly disturbs the minister, who does not at first forgive Hester.  But, strong of will, Hester insists that he forgive her.  Then, as a way out of his dilemma of living with his enemy--"Thou must dwell no longer with this man"--and in the community of "iron men" who will accept no penitenence for his sin, Hester suggests that Dimmesdale go farther into the forest and live in an Indian village, if need be to get away.  Dimmesdale rejects Hester's idea; however, undeterred, she demands that he act, "Then there is the broad pathway of the sea," suggesting that Dimmesdale return to London or other parts of the Old World.

Still, Dimmesdale refuses,

"It cannot be....I am powerless to go.  Wretched and sinful as I am, I have had no other thought than to drag on my existence in the sphere where Providence has placed me.  Lost as my own soul is, I would still do what I may for other human souls!  I dare not quit my post, though an unfaithful sentinel, whose sure reward is death and dishonour, when his dreary watch shall come to an end!"

"Fervently resolved," Hester will not accept her beloved minister's despairing response, insisting,

"But thou shalt leave it behind!....Begin all anew!....The future is yet full of trial and success.  There is happiness to be enjoyed!  There is good to be done!  Exchange this false life for a true one....Do anything save to lie down and die..."

In the "last expression of the depondency of a broken spirit," Dimmesdale tells Hester he must die in America; he declares,

'There is not the strength or courage left me to venture into the wide, strange, difficult world alone!' 

 To his words, Hester pours her strength of spirit, telling him, "Thou shalt not go alone!"  The chapter ends with the narrator's summation:  "Then all was spoken!"

With the fierce love and strength of Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale begins to believe that he can escape his Puritan fate, the "design" of his life can be changed despite the teachings of his faith.  For, there is a power in the human heart to repent and make amends for its sins.  One should not be condemned for a lifetime for a single sin.  Hawthorne's implication in this chapter of the redemptive power of good acts through the words of Hester is, clearly, counter to the ideology of his ancestors' Puritanism.

What are the dreams of each person in A Raisin in the Sun and what forces, internal and external, defer, modify, or block each one?

Mama's dream is not only to own her own place; it is also to have a place that is favorable to her children's development. Ironically, her own children are part of what hinders her external dream from coming true quickly and smoothly. In addition to her family's infighting, the time period in which she is trying to achieve her dream is not completely favorable toward her, for even after she finds a house and makes her decision about the money, she has to face unwelcoming white neighbors.

Walter's dream is to be his own boss and to feel like a man. He is the biggest hindrance in accomplish his own dream.  Once Walter realizes at the end of the play what it really means to be the man of the household and to make a good decision, he starts getting closer to achieving his dream.  Undeniably, Walter's "friends" also have a part in blocking his dream since he actually had the money to move toward owning his own business, but he placed his trust in the wrong people.

Beneatha dreams of making her life significant.  Like Walter, she is the biggest problem in holding back her dream's attainability.  She is hesitant to make a decision about interests or men because she is so afraid that she'll make the wrong one or that that choice will not accurately show who she is.  When Beneatha is able to determine what she wants to be and accomplish, she has already started to realize her dream. In her situation, Asagai is actually a character who advances her dream.

Ruth just wants a content family.  She is similar to Mama not only in what she wants but also in how she treats Walter.  She truly wants Walter to be happy, but he makes it difficult for him to know how to encourage him.  At the play's end, she realizes that Walter must take action himself, and only then can she see her own dream succeed.

How does the Bill of Rights reflect a key Enlightenment idea?

One of the major themes of the Enlightenment was that human reason could be used to fight against such things as superstition (and religious domination) and (importantly) tyranny.  The Bill of Rights reflects these ideas in important ways.

1. To combat the power of churches, the freedom of religion clauses of the First Amendment were added.


2. Many of the rest of the amendments are meant to either help allow reason to prevail and/or to prevent tyranny.  For example

• The First Amendment stuff on freedom of speech, press, etc is meant to give people a chance to use their reason and to convince others of what is right.


• The 4th Amendment and others are meant to ensure that the government can't act in tyrannical ways.

The Bill of Rights reflects a key Enlightenment idea because it limits what government can do and it does so in order to protect the rights of the people.

According to Enlightenment thinkers such as John Locke, the purpose of government was to protect the basic human rights of its people.  The Bill of Rights is meant to ensure that government cannot go against this idea and infringe on those rights.  It spells out the rights that are fundamental to human society and it prohibits the government from infringing on them.  In this way, it protects human rights, just as Enlightenment thinkers want the government to do.

What does the quote "This age thinks better of a gilded fool than of a threadbare saint in wisdom’s school" mean within the novel?

This quote from "The Sieve and the Sand" section of the story is attributed to Thomas Dekker in the late 16th/early 17th century.  Beatty  is talking to Montag and knows that Montag is questioning their society and his role in it.  Faber is also talking to Montag through the radio "seashell" in Montag's ear.  The quote means that people value someone who has wealth and popularity, but is nothing more than a fool, more than they value a poor, honest, but good person.  Or, flash wins out over substance.  This is true of the society in which Montag and Beatty live.  People don't care about substance or truth or other people even.  They care about themselves and what they can have for themselves.  Beatty is being ironic, but truthful here.  He is, however, trying to manipulate Montag into thinking that Montag is wasting his time with trying to change society.  Beatty means that no one will care that Montag is trying to do the good, honorable thing by bucking society; that people don't care about such things because there is nothing in it for them and that people would rather be entertained by flash than bothered by substance.  Montag, with Faber's help, realizes that Beatty's words, while true, do not change the fact that Montag does not want their present society to continue.

What character qualities do the barber and Captain Torres have in the short story "Just Lather, That's All"?I need it for a character analysis and...

Though Captain Torres and the barber are mortal enemies in the Hernando Tellez short story, "Just Lather, That's All," they both have similar character traits.

Both are very serious about their professions. Torres has just spent four days hunting down rebels, and after he finishes his shave, he will execute them for the whole town to see. He risks his life daily by faithfully (though cruelly) ridding the town of his enemies. Though the barber can kill Torres at any moment with a stroke of his razor, he is a slave to the barber's code to never spill a drop of the customer's blood. Torres has come to pay for a shave, and that is what he will receive--just lather, that's all.

Similarly, they are both politically motivated, though on opposite sides. They are both relatively quiet men, for they only speak of matters at hand, with none of the usual small talk found between barber and client. They are both secretive: Each holds a special bond with one another that Torres breaks in the end.

Perhaps, above all, they both find that "killing isn't easy." 

On the other hand, the barber trembles, sweats and feels pale as he shaves his enemy. He does not have the courage to kill the man who has murdered so many of his friends because he is afraid of the outcome.

...But what would I do with the body? Where would I hide it? I would have to flee, leaving all I have behind, and take refuge far away, far, far away. But they would follow until they found me. "Captain Torres' murder. He slit his throat while he was shaving him. A coward."

Torres' death would make the barber a hero, a martyr, but he doesn't have the inclination to die just yet.

The ruthless Torres shows courage throughout. His face is the most visible in the town, but he appears in public without regard for his own safety--an easy target for an assassin's bullet. He sitsquietly and shuts his eyes, allowing the barber to expose his secret. Torres is ready to sacrifice himself to expose one more rebel, but the barber refuses to take the bait.

What did John Thornton claim Buck could do? in chapter 5

John Thornton claimed that Buck would risk his own life on John Thornton's demand. He demonstrated this when John signaled to Buck to jump into the river. By doing so, Buck risked his own life. Buck so loved and trusted Thornton, that he knew that his master would never ask him to do anything he wasn't capable of doing.

On another occasion, John Thornton bet money that Buck could pull a sled weighing one thousand pounds. On his command, Buck did so earning the respect of those in attendance and the enduring love from his master.

Decrease in price what will happen to equilibrium quantity and price?

When we talk of market equilibrium economics it does not make sense to speak either of changing either price or quantity at will. The market equilibrium is a result of interaction of two different influences. These are:

1. Quantities of goods the consumers are willing to buy at different prices. This is represented by demand curves.


2. Quantities of goods the firms are willing to sell at different prices. This is represented by supply curves.

Market equilibrium occurs at point where supply and demand curves intersect. This is the point at which the price and quantity on supply curve exactly matches that on demand curve. This is the market equilibrium price and quantity.

It is not possible for equilibrium, price, quantity, or both to change without shift in either one or both of the demand and supply curve.

If decrease in price referred in the question above refers to willingness of firms to offer same quantities at lower prices, then it will tend to reduce market equilibrium price and increase market equilibrium quantity.

If decrease in price referred in the question above refers to reduction in willingness of consumers to pay the same price as represented bu original demand curve, then it will tend to reduce both market equilibrium price and quantity.

Compare and contrast the characters of Viola and Olivia in Twelfth Night.

Viola and Olivia are both gentlewomen raised to self-esteem, manners, breeding, wealth and luxury (Olivia more so) who both recognize and accept the role of Fate in their lives. This is where their character descriptions part company. Olivia's overriding trait is emotional foolishness. Her brother has recently died after a good religious life because Feste declares him to be in "heaven." Olivia's response of mourning is to mourn for seven years with her face under a veil while refusing all declarations of love and weeping daily.

Viola, in contrast, has lost her brother and takes the encouragement offered by the Captain to hope for the best results for her brother. She accordingly develops a plan for coping with life without her brother and pursues it, even though it is certainly a plan for life that she never would have thought of prior to her loss. Both women fall in love at first sight, but Viola falls only once whereas Olivia falls once and switches once when she marries Sebastian. Speaking of which, Viola seems to have made the worse choice in her object of affection while Olivia seems to have made the better choice: Orsino is emotionally volatile and changeable whereas Sebastian is Viola's twin, which suggests her twin in character traits also.