Thomas Paine wrote the pamphlet "Common Sense" in 1775 and it was published in January of 1776. The main impact of this pamphlet was to help cause the American colonists to decide to fight for independence.
The first battles of the Revolution took place in 1775, but the colonists had not yet decided to actually try to become independent. Many of them still wanted to try to reconcile with England and there was not a huge amount of hatred for the idea of monarchy.
The publication of Common Sense changed that. In the pamphlet, Paine argued that monarchy was a bad system of government and that the American colonies must become free. After that, sentiment grew for this position, leading to the Declaration of Independence in July of 1776.
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