Nasal polyp biopsy is a diagnostic procedure recommended in patients with such disease. It consists in harvesting polyp tissue in order to be analyzed and to determine its nature. Such a procedure is not routinely recommended and it is called only if polyps are very numerous, with different aspects of what is considered benign, or if it is wanted a careful investigation of the inflammatory process within the polyp.
In the occurrence of nasal polyps are many factors involved, but their exact role is not yet known. Therefore,sometimes, biopsy results can be difficult to interpret. It seems to be the formation of cellular damage, arising from the attacks of pollutants, environmental allergens or infectious agents, radiation, ozone, cigarette smoke and even prolonged exposure to sunlight.
The main indications for achieving nasal polyp biopsy is to determine the nature of malignant or benign of some growths that have clinical peculiar features compared to normal polyps and that do not respond favorably to medical treatment, properly administered.
Normal results are those that indicate an inflammation of the tissue examined, but the absence of any signs of malignant degeneration.
If pathologoanatomic newsletter demonstrates the existence of malignant changes (as part cells with aggressive replication , torn capsule) most likely procedure will be resumed because there are signs of cancer. This new procedure will have to establish its expansion, but also its origin. In this situation, there will be detected numerous local proinflammatory substances, such as cytokines, growth factors, immunoglobulins, adhesion molecules.
The most common risks of this procedure are:
- Perforation of the nasal cavity or sinuses;
- Infection;
- Bleeding.
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