Saturday, May 31, 2014

Who was the Ancient Greek goddess of corn?

Demeter is the goddess of the eartn, harvest and grain.  Corn is a grain; thus, she also "reigns" over that element.  She is often pictured with a wreath of braided corn ears around her head, and the Greeks would pray to her and offer "gifts" of the harvest to her during ancient times.


When we are studying Greek mythology, one of my students' favorite myths is that of Persephone (Demeter's daughter) and her fate in the Underworld. Demeter plays quite a large role in that myth.

Why is the marginal revenue for a monopoly lower than its price?

The question assumes that marginal revenue is always less than the unit price. This is not true. As a matter of fact it is nor right to even compare the two as the two refer to quite different things. It is like comparing speed with distance.


Please note that price is specified as money or dollars per unit of product, just as speed is expressed as distance per unit of time. In comparison revenue, including marginal revenue, is measured in terms of just money or dollars, just as distance is specified in some unit of distance such as meters.


Further, please note that for the same change in price, the marginal revenue can be positive, negative or zero depending upon price elasticity of demand. The marginal revenue increases with increasing elasticity of demand. With elasticity of less than 1 the marginal revenue is negative, and with elasticity more than 1 the marginal revenue is positive, and keeps on increasing with increasing elasticity. When elasticity is zero, the marginal revenue is also zero.

Is the nurse that sets up medication in a pill box responsible if the patient does not take them properly?

The division of responsibility for taking medicines properly must be shared by the patient and the nurse. The responsibility of the nurse will depend very much on the condition of the patient. If the patient is completely bed ridden and is sleeping most of the time under the effect of medication, the nurse may be almost fully responsible for proper medication. In some cases the medication may have to be administered through injection or intravenous drip. In such cases patient has no role to play except let the nurse do their job.


However if the patient is just down with some mild infection and is advised rest at home, there is very little role for the nurse to play.


One final word of caution, whoever may be theoretically responsible for proper medication, it is always the patient who suffers most by improper medication. Therefore it is in the interest of the patient that the patient and his near and dear ones also are careful about the medication.

Why is it important to understand the relationship between Politics, Commerce and Science?

The main importance is that all three of these things interact and their interaction impacts our lives in a very major way.  Governments and people need to understand the relations so they can try to manage them for the best.  As an example of this, look at the idea of global warming.


Science tells us that global warming is going to be a major problem.  However, the immediate needs of commerce are threatened by this idea because serious action to combat global warming would require things to be done that would alter the current structure of commerce.  Because of this, politicians are pressured to try to control the science or the commerce or both.


So in this case, the relationship is that science threatens commerce which puts pressure on politicians to mediate the dispute. If we don't understand this relationship, we cannot fully understand the problem or its potential solutions.

Friday, May 30, 2014

What is the stangest thing about the way the spirit looks?"A Christmas Carol" by Charles Dickens

As Scrooge of "A Christmas Carol" waits for the toll of the bell as Marley's ghost has instructed him, he sees a



strange figure--like a child:  yet not so like a child as like an old man, viewed through some supernatureal medium, which gave him the appearance of having receded from the view, and being diminished to a child's proportions.



It is an ephemeral image, with white hair as though it is old, yet there are no wrinkles in its face and the bloom of youth is in the being's face.  The delicate arms and legs and feet are bare, and there is "a lustrous belt" aruong the waist, but the strangest thing about this spirit is that



from the crown of its head there sprung a bright clear jet of light, by which all this was visible



To extinguish this beacon of light, the spirit carries "a great extinguisher for a cap" under its arms.  But, even more bizarre that this, Dickens writes, is the fact that the being "glittered now in one part and now in another" so that only a part of it was visible, then another part, then only an outline, then in dense gloom it would disappear.  Suddenly, it would be whoe again, "distinct and clear as ever."  This description is much like the twinkling star of memory, flashing upon one at times, lost at another.  The being is the Ghost of Christmas Past.

Thursday, May 29, 2014

What is Sam's full name in the O. Henry short story, "The Ransom of Red Chief"?

Sam is one of the two kidnappers in the O. Henry short story, "The Ransom of Red Chief." Sam and his partner, Bill, decide to abduct the son of a wealthy Summit, Alabama man, Ebenezer Dorset. But little Johnny Dorset makes life miserable for the two men. To entertain him, they play a running game of cowboys and Indians, of which Johnny goes by the name of "Red Chief." Bill Driscoll, one of the kidnappers, allows himself to be called "Old Hank, the trapper, Red Chief's captive," who is supposed to be scalped at daybreak. Sam, the narrator of the story, whose last name is never revealed, is called "Snake-eye, the Spy" by the young terror, Red Chief.

A rain cloud contain 5.37 x 10 to the seventh power kg of water vapor. The acceleration of gravity is 9.81 m/s^2How long would it take for a 1.53kW...

Given:


mass of water = m = 5.37 x 10^7 kg


Displacement of water required = s = 1.54 km = 1540 m


Acceleration of gravity = g = 9.81 m/s^2


Power of pump = 1.53 kW = 1530 W


Total work or energy required to raise the water to required height is given by formula:


Work = m*g*s* = (5.37 x 10^7)*9.81*1540 = 811.26738 x 10^12


Time take to do this work is given by the formula:


Time = Work/(Power of pump) = (811.26738 x 10^12)/1530


= 530.2401176 x 10^9 s


Answer:It will take 530.240 x 10^9 s for the pump.

Discuss how act 1 scene 5 is structured between love and hate. Discuss whether there is more love than hate and what Shakespeare's message might...

The duality between love and hate is present in the Prologue when the Chorus says:



From forth the fatal loins of these two foes
A pair of star-cross'd lovers take their life;
Whole misadventured piteous overthrows
Do with their death bury their parents' strife.
The fearful passage of their death-mark'd love,
And the continuance of their parents' rage,
Which, but their children's end, nought could remove,
Is now the two hours' traffic of our stage;
The which if you with patient ears attend,
What here shall miss, our toil shall strive to mend



The dualities of "love" and "hate" run the course of Act I and can be found particularly in Romeo's monologues:



Alas, that love, whose view is muffled still,
Should, without eyes, see pathways to his will!
Where shall we dine? O me! What fray was here?
Yet tell me not, for I have heard it all.
Here's much to do with hate, but more with love.
Why, then, O brawling love! O loving hate!
O any thing, of nothing first create!
O heavy lightness! serious vanity!
Mis-shapen chaos of well-seeming forms!
Feather of lead, bright smoke, cold fire,
sick health!
Still-waking sleep, that is not what it is!
This love feel I, that feel no love in this.
Dost thou not laugh?



Notice the use of equivocation (paradoxial language) and oxymorons (opposing pairs): "heavy lightness," "cold fire," "sick health."  The same goes for "the love I feel, that feel no love in this."  His meditation on love, just after the "fray" between the families, reveals the dual nature of the "love-hate" theme in the play.


Later, in scene 5, even the servants begin using equivocal language:



When good manners shall lie all in one or two men's
hands and they unwashed too, 'tis a foul thing.



Notice the duality here: "good" and "foul."  Also, hands are the main focus of imagery in the scene, as Romeo will later take and kiss Juliet's hand.  Here, the servant hates unwashed hands.


Later, Capulet uses more imagery to reveal the "light-dark" and "masking" themes that forshadow Tybalt's fiery hate when he discovers Romeo:



More light, you knaves; and turn the tables up,
And quench the fire, the room is grown too hot.
Ah, sirrah, this unlook'd-for sport comes well.
Nay, sit, nay, sit, good cousin Capulet;
For you and I are past our dancing days:
How long is't now since last yourself and I
Were in a mask?




Finally, the scene is capped off with a "rhyme" that she just learned when she danced:



My only love sprung from my only hate!
Too early seen unknown, and known too late!
Prodigious birth of love it is to me,
That I must love a loathed enemy.



This echoes what the Chorus said earlier.  The equivocal language of paradox and duality are again present, this time coupled with birth imagery "sprung," vision imagery "too early seen unknown," and time imagery "known too late."  This imagery threads together the play and foreshadows the tragedy to come. 


The play will end with the Prince again echoing the Chorus and Juliet when he says:



Their course of love, the tidings of her death:
And here he writes that he did buy a poison
Of a poor 'pothecary, and therewithal
Came to this vault to die, and lie with Juliet.
Where be these enemies? Capulet! Montague!
See, what a scourge is laid upon your hate,
That heaven finds means to kill your joys with love.


What is the name of Macbeth's castle in Shakespeare's play Macbeth?Who planted the daggers on the groom? Where did Malcolm flee? Where is Macbeth...

Inverness is the name of Macbeth's castle.  In Act I, Scene 4, Duncan makes known his intention to visit Macbeth there when he says in lines 42-43,



"From hence to Inverness, and bind us further to you".



It is Lady Macbeth who plants the daggers on the grooms.  In Act II, Scene 2, she actually tells Macbeth to do it in lines 50-54, saying,



"Why did you bring these daggers from the place?  They must lie there.  Go, carry them and smear the sleepy grooms with blood".



When Macbeth refuses, having had enough to do with the killing, Lady Macbeth takes the daggers and does the job herself, chiding him in lines 56-61,



"Infirm of purpose!  Give me the daggers.  The sleeping and the dead are but as pictures.  'Tis the eye of childhood that fears a painted devil.  If he do bleed, I'll gild the faces of the grooms withal, for it must seem their guilt".



After Duncan's death is discovered, Malcolm flees to England.  In Act II, Scene 3, he declares his intention in line 139, telling Donalbain,



"I'll to England".



With Duncan and Malcolm out of the way, Macbeth is named to be the next King of Scotland.  The coronation will take place at Scone.  In Act II, Scene 4, Macduff relays this information in lines 31-32, saying,



"He is already named and gone to Scone to be invested".


Wednesday, May 28, 2014

What is the meaning or the point of the poem "I heard a fly buzz when I died"

The poem shows the duality of death, that death is most glorious and inglorious, that it is a physical means to a spiritual end, and it is associated with both Christ-like and carrion imagery.


Here's the poem:



I heard a fly buzz when I died;
The stillness round my form
Was like the stillness in the air
Between the heaves of storm.


The eyes beside had wrung them dry,
And breaths were gathering sure
For that last onset, when the king
Be witnessed in his power.


I willed my keepsakes, signed away
What portion of me I
Could make assignable,-and then
There interposed a fly,


With blue, uncertain, stumbling buzz,
Between the light and me;
And then the windows failed, and then
I could not see to see.



The fly is the dominate image in the poem.  It appears in three of the four stanzas.  The only stanza it doesn't appear in is the second, where there is Christ-like imagery "the king."  The key phrase is "last onset," an oxymoron: how can it be last and first?  Well, Christ said he was the alpha and the omega, the beginning and the end.  Is death not the last of the physical world and the onset of the spiritual?


But how is Christ connected with the fly?  The speaker wills away her material possessions, but what happens to her body?  Is it not a feast for the fly, a carrion?  The speaker seems to lament this sticking point.  The speaker expects to see Christ the King after death, but s/he only gets a fly.  This is a spiritual letdown, to be sure.


I always teach this poem with Faulkner's As I Lay Dying, as both have dead women speaking.  Whereas Dickinson is a Christian, Faulkner professes no theology in his black comedy.  Indeed Dickinson's speaker sounds a lot like the nihilistic Addie Bundren in the poem.  So says Darl:



"The quilt is drawn up to her chin, hot as it is, with only her two hands and her face outside. She is propped on the pillow, with her head raised so she can see out the window, and we can hear him every time he takes up the adze or the saw. If we were deaf we could almost watch her face and hear him, see him. Her face is wasted away so that the bones draw just under the skin in white lines. Her eyes are like two candles when you watch them gutter down into the sockets of iron candlesticks. But the eternal and the everlasting salvation and grace is not upon her."


How does Shakespeare use language and dramatic effect in the opening scene of Othello?Focus particularly on Iago.

The play begins with Iago and Roderick's conversation in Venice.  Roderick listens intently as Iago rambles on about how he was overlooked for the position that Cassio has taken.  Because of this slight on Othello's part, Iago vows to bring him down. In line 68 the villain honestly states,



"I am not what I am" (1.1.68).



With such a straightforward comment, Iago sets the stage for one of the play's major themes--appearance versus reality.  In short, he is able to manipulate most of the play's characters because of his chameleon-like qualities--he can become whoever someone needs him to be.


A good example of this is Iago's switch in language depending on whom he is portraying and talking to.  When he and Roderick awaken Desdemona's father Brabantio from a deep sleep, Iago no longer speaks in verse (the language of the civilized); rather, he switches to prose to demonstrate that he is a common street ruffian bringing bad news to Brabantio.  In his speech to Brabantio, he also introduces two of the play's motifs: animal imagery and light/dark contrast.  He tells Desdemona's dad that



"Your heart is burst, you have lost half your soul;
Even now, now, very now, an old black ram
Is tupping your white ewe" (1.1.93-95).



Iago's language is certainly graphic, but he knowingly compares Othello to an animal to stress not only his race but also to manipulate others to see the military general as no better than an animal.  He later compares Othello to a horse and subtly persuades others to treat and talk about Othello in the same manner.


In regards to the dramatic effect, Shakespeare sets the first scene at night (another part of the light/dark contrast) because something "uncivilized" occurs.  Every night scene in the play features something tragic or untoward happening.  With the dawn of the day, the truth is revealed, but in the end, it is too late.

Tuesday, May 27, 2014

How does Twain's use of satire add to the overall meaning of the novel?Discuss satire as it is used by Mark Twain making sure to identify what...

One example of satire that adds to the overall meaning of this novel is Twain's satirization of religion.  He does this most obviously through his treatment of the Phelps family.


The Phelps family is quite religious, but their religious values do not extend to caring about black people.  When Huck first meets them, he makes up a story about a steamboat accident.  The Phelpses are relieved to hear that only a black person died.  Later on, they feed and pray with Jim, but still keep him imprisoned.


In this way, Twain is saying that people who professed to be religious but still kept slaves were hypocritical.  This fits in with two purposes of his:


  • Showing how society's morals are not as good as Huck's

  • Pointing out and criticizing racism.

Please explicate the following quotes from Walden by Henry David Thoreau.In the book Walden by Henry David Thoreau, explicate the quotes "we live...

The main point of these quotes is that people need to live a simple life.


The reason that Thoreau went to Walden in the first place is because he wanted to live closer to nature and in a way that was not so materialistic as he thought that contemporary society was becoming.  He believed that an obsession with material things prevented people form focusing on what was really important.


Both of the quotes you cite illustrate this idea.  In the same passage where he says these things, he argues that the really important things in life can be numbered on ten fingers or, in extreme cases, the fingers and toes.


Specifically, I believe the first quote means that we spend our lives running around frantically like ants when we really don't need to.  The second quote means that we spend too much time on details -- things that don't really matter in the greater scheme of things.


So, instead of frittering away our lives slaving away like ants trying to get more things, we should concentrate on what is really important in life.

Monday, May 26, 2014

In "The Rocking Horse Winner," for what things might riding the rocking horse be a metaphor?

If you think about a rocking-horse that a child rides on, think about what result is accomplished.  A rocking horse is only a mimic of the real thing; no real riding is done.  No matter how hard you ride on it, it will never get you anywhere; it is just wasted effort, expended on a fruitless endeavor that yields no results.  In Paul's case, unfortunately, it yielded negative results--his fixation, his attempts to use the horse to fix his family's life, and gain his mother's affection, killed him.


Think about all of this in comparison to one of the main themes of the story, which is greed's futility.  Lawrence uses the rocking horse as a metaphor to point out how striving for material possessions, and being completely fixated on greed, is a fruitless endeavor that only harms those who chase it.  Trying to create happiness out of money doesn't work, just like riding a rocking-horse doesn't produce the real experience.  It's a harmful waste of time, a delusional undertaking, bound to fail.  The rocking-horse is a metaphor for people's assumption that wealth will solve problems and fix lives.  It won't, just as riding a rocking horse won't help you go get anywyere--it just gives you the feeling of motion without being real.  Attaining wealth might give you the feeling of trying to achieve happiness, but it won't work.


I hope all of that made sense and helped a bit; good luck!

Sunday, May 25, 2014

Can someone explain the link in economics with marginal physical product (mpp) and marginal cost (mc)?It says in my book they go in opposite...

Marginal physical product (MPP) and marginal cost (MC)go in opposite direction as they are inverse of each other. This statement can be represented mathematically as:


MPP is proportional to 1/MC, or MC is proportional 1/MPP.


MPP is defined as the extra quantity of a product that can be produced from increasing the the quantity of a specified factor of production or input by 1 unit, when all other factors of production or inputs are held constant.


Thus MPP = (Increase in production)/(Increase in input)


MC is defined as the extra cost of production required to produce one extra unit of product.


Thus MC = (Increase in input cost)/(Increase in production)


We can see that in above equalities for MPP and MC, Increase in production appears as numerator for MPP and as denominator for MC. However there is some difference the other term. "Increase in quantity" appearing as denominator refers to only a single input, while "Increase in input cost" appearing in numerator of MC refers to cost of all the inputs used. But this total cost itself may be considered as the single input required for production.


Thus it is clear that a higher MPP signifies a lower MC, and a lower MPP signifies a higher MC. In other words MPP and MC move in opposite directions.

What sort of novel is Goodbye, Mr. Chips? Is it romantic or not?

A novel that is built more like a reverie about the life and times of Mr. Chipping, the work is highly romantic in many aspects.  One such way is to create a sense of permanence in impermanent times.  In making Mr. Chips a stalwart of Brookfield, Hilton creates the idea that human beings are capable of representing a sense of lasting memory and legacy in a world that seems increasingly devoid of it.  This is an immediate hearkening back to Shelley's desire for immortality in poems such as "Ozymandias."  Hilton seems to be suggesting that ordinary people such as Mr. Chips can be the statue that does not erode or represent atrophy.  Mr. Chips lasts through economic crisis, global conflict, changing times and perceptions, as well as students and headmasters.  He teaches generations from the same family and as seen as the human embodiment of Brookfield.  This is highly Romantic in both scope and vision.  Another element of Romanticism present is the idea that emotional attachment to one's labor is evident.  Mr. Chips is not some disenchanted secondary school teacher who is alienated from his work.  He remembers the names of his students, and also understands the importance of his work.  He is linked to both the content of what he teaches, as evidenced during the Air Raid, and the people to whom he must teach, as evidenced in the care he displays towards the younger student who is able to claim to be the last one to speak to Mr. Chips.  Finally, the work is Romantic because it yearns for what has passed.  When Mr. Chips dies, the reader seeks to scroll through their own mind to investigate if they have experienced a Mr. Chips in their own life.  This emotional connection to the work is another element of Romanticism for it displays a longing to connect to something that might be gone.

What are some examples of asides in Julius Caesar?

In plays, an aside is spoken by an actor but not to the people he is talking to.  It's like the actor takes a break from a conversation to talk to the audience.  When he does this, the point is usually to fill the audience in on something that's going on or to tell them what he is thinking with regard to the conversation.


The first two asides in William Shakespeare's "Julius Caesar" comes at the end of Act II, Scene 2 where the following conversations



CAESAR


Bid them prepare within:
I am to blame to be thus waited for.
Now, Cinna: now, Metellus: what, Trebonius!
I have an hour's talk in store for you;
Remember that you call on me to-day:
Be near me, that I may remember you.

TREBONIUS


Caesar, I will:

Aside


and so near will I be,
That your best friends shall wish I had been further.

CAESAR


Good friends, go in, and taste some wine with me;
And we, like friends, will straightway go together.

BRUTUS [Aside] That every like is not the same, O Caesar,
The heart of Brutus yearns to think upon!



In this case, both Trebonius and Brutus use asides to tell us what they are really thinking as they speak to Ceasar.


If you want more asides, follow the link below and then type "aside" in the find function on your browser.

Saturday, May 24, 2014

Explain the irony relating to the Devil's battle with Tom's wife in "The Devil and Tom Walker."

Although Irving writes that no one really knows what happened to Tom's wife, when Tom finds the missing checked cloth with a heart and liver inside and observes the scene near it, he concludes that his wife must have battled the devil and eventually lost--not easily, though, because Tom notices that there were



"many prints of cloven feet deeply stamped about the tree, and several handsful of hair, that looked as if they had been plucked from the coarse black shock of the woodsman. Tom knew his wife's prowess by experience."



The description is ironic on a couple of counts. First, the fact that Tom's wife was so stingy and stubborn that she would have given the devil a harsh time bargaining and fighting fits into Irving's typical, ironic description of the nagging wife.  Secondly, the last sentence refers back to the abuse that Tom often suffered at the hands of his wife, and he almost sympathizes for the devil in regards to the battle between him and Mrs. Walker.

In Macbeth's soliloquy, what suspicion and hope does Banquo reveal?

Do you mean in Macbeth's soliloquy regarding Banquo or Banquo's soliloquy regarding Macbeth?


Here's Macbeth's soliloquy:



To be thus is nothing;
But to be safely thus.--Our fears in Banquo
Stick deep; and in his royalty of nature
Reigns that which would be fear'd: 'tis much he dares;
And, to that dauntless temper of his mind,
He hath a wisdom that doth guide his valour
To act in safety. There is none but he
Whose being I do fear: and, under him,
My Genius is rebuked; as, it is said,
Mark Antony's was by Caesar. He chid the sisters
When first they put the name of king upon me,
And bade them speak to him: then prophet-like
They hail'd him father to a line of kings:
Upon my head they placed a fruitless crown,
And put a barren sceptre in my gripe,
Thence to be wrench'd with an unlineal hand,
No son of mine succeeding. If 't be so,
For Banquo's issue have I filed my mind;
For them the gracious Duncan have I murder'd;
Put rancours in the vessel of my peace
Only for them; and mine eternal jewel
Given to the common enemy of man,
To make them kings, the seed of Banquo kings!
Rather than so, come fate into the list.



Banquo's soliloquy is:



Thou hast it now: king, Cawdor, Glamis, all,
As the weird women promised, and, I fear,
Thou play'dst most foully for't: yet it was said
It should not stand in thy posterity,
But that myself should be the root and father
Of many kings. If there come truth from them--
As upon thee, Macbeth, their speeches shine--
Why, by the verities on thee made good,
May they not be my oracles as well,
And set me up in hope? But hush! no more.




Macbeth's soliloquy, after Duncan's murder, reveals his paranoia about the witches' predictions for Banquo.  He fears that Banquo will be "greater than" he: "There is none but he / Whose being I do fear: and, under him, / My Genius is rebuked."  Macbeth is also worried about Banquo's progeny, that he will father kings.  Macbeth, who has so children, fears children throughout the play: first Banquo's, and then "none of woman born" (Macduff).  In the soliloquy we hear Macbeth's resolve to kill Banquo and his son Fleance.


Banquo's soliloquy reveals his fear that Macbeth has "play'dst most foully for't": that he has used foul means to attain the crown.  Now, he wonders if the witches' prophecies are indeed true regarding him.  This is a kind of guarded hope.  Banquo knows that the two sets of prophecies are intertwined, as are his hope and fear in them.   

What is the importance of charts in a powerpoint presentation?

I think the question can be best answered by addressing why chart are important at all.


Charts are important for various reasons:


1. Charts convey information is a way that is not propositional, that is, charts are visual. This is an important point, because some people are visual learners.


2. Charts also break up monotony for people who are more propositional learners. This might help if the presentation is long.


3. Charts also convey lots of information in an easy format. This alone is worth it!


4. Finally, charts can plot various variables on an x and y plane for comparison purposes. In short, one can analyze data effectively this way.


Powerpoint does all of these things extremely well!

What happens when Holden has a date with Sally in Chapter-17 of Catcher in the Rye? Does Sally feel close to Holden?Holden likes Jane but he...

Holden's date with Sally is pretty much a disaster.  She arrives at the hotel ten minutes late, and acts as if she is delighted to see Holden, but in reality she is very fake.  On the way to the show Holden is taking her to see, the two "(horse) around a little bit in the cab", even though at first Sally does not want to because she will mess up her makeup.  As they "(come) out of this big clinch", Holden tells Sally he loves her, and she says she loves him too.  Neither one of them mean it.


At the first intermission of the play, Sally meets a guy she knows, and the two spend the whole time talking.  After the show, Holden is afraid the guy is going to accompany them back in the cab, but as it turns out, he has to go to a party.  When he leaves, Sally suggests to Holden that they go ice skating, which they do, but neither of them is very good at the sport.  Holden finally suggests that they go inside and have a drink, which they also do.  Sally by this time is cross because her ankles hurt from skating, and Holden makes things worse by starting to talk about how depressed he is.  He asks Sally if she would like to "get away" with him, and maybe even get married", but Sally responds with anger and frustration, telling him that they have "oodles of time to do those things".  The conversation ends in an argument, and Holden tells Sally she is "a royal pain in the ass"; she starts crying and won't accept his apology, so he leaves alone.


Sally is too self-absorbed to feel close to Holden.  She is a classic "phony", and does not recognize that he really is in a bad way.  In contrast, Jane, for whom Holden has real respect, is wholesome and more sensitive.  Sally is the kind of girl who really is just out to have fun; she cares little for other people in general.  She is shallow, which is an attribute Holden hates, while Jane is the real deal.  Jane is unattainable, however, while Sally is available to have a good time with (Chapter 17).

Friday, May 23, 2014

How is FESTE's name pronounced?It seems that nobody calls him by his name in the play

The name Feste is pronounced like "festy" and rhymes with "testy". Feste is the jester, or comedian, in Shakespeare's Twelfth Night. His name comes from the Middle English 'festa', which is related to the Latin word 'festivus', meaning festival. This name implies a sense of merriment surrounding the character.


He is referred to by the name Feste only once in the play, when Orsino asks about a song that Feste had sung the night before. Throughout the rest of the play, Feste is referred to as "Fool".

When and where does A Lesson Before Dying take place?

The novel is set in bayou country, Louisiana during the 1940s.  This was a pivotal time in America: a time of war abroad and in the South (for civil rights).  The Jim Crow era was a time of segregation, and Gaines shows the disparity primarily in the education system.  It would not be until 1954 with the Brown. vs. Board of Ed. that schools in the South would be made to integrate.


Grant Wiggins, the novel's narrator, is a school teacher who ironically learns from an uneducated "subhuman," Jefferson, who is about to be executed.   The execution is to be on April 8, two weeks after Good Friday and the Easter holiday.  T.S. Eliot said, "April is the cruelest month," as Gaines well attests.  Grant, though not reborn, does break down and cry at the end, after reading Jefferson's journal.

What is Anne of Green Gables about?

Anne of Green Gables was written by Lucy Maud Montgomery, a Canadian who lived on Prince Edward Island. Published in 1908, the novel tells the story of redheaded Anne Shirley, an imaginative 11 year old who comes from an orphanage to live on a farm on Prince Edward Island. The owners of the farm are unmarried brother and sister Matthew and Marilla Cuthbert, a middle-aged couple who initially hope to adopt a boy to help them with the farm work. Instead, they end up with Anne, who hates her name, freckles and red hair.


The novel details Anne's life on the farm, her relationship with Matthew and Marilla, her many friendships, and her burgeoning educational successes.  Over the century since its publication, Anne of Green Gabes has become one of the most popular children's novels in the world.

Thursday, May 22, 2014

Bird flies w/ speed of 12.2 over water, drops fish. a=gravity at 9.81. The alt. of bird=5.3. Air resistance=none. What is the bird speed at...

I disagree with the above answer. It is correct about the vertical speed of the fish at impact.  But then it goes on to add the effect of the horizontal speed of the bird.  This is not relevant.  I quote from a site on this topic:



This episode looks at the independence of vertical and horizontal motion. It concerns objects accelerating vertically when projected horizontally or vertically. The crucial concept is that vertical acceleration does not affect horizontal velocity. This explains all projectile motion.



So, the speed of the fish when it hits the water is 10.197 m/s^2.  I got this by using two equations.


First, find the time the fish fell using


distance = .5 at2 where a is the acceleration and t is the time.


We know the distance and the acceleration so


5.3 = .5(9.8)t^2


10.6 =9.8t^2


t^2 = 1.0805 and t = 1.0394


So the fish fell for 1.0394 seconds.


Now we must use the formula for velocity:


v = at


We know acceleration (9.81) and we know time (1.0394) so that gives us


v = 10.197 m/s^2.


The above answer is only incorrect because it goes on to add in the effect of the horizontal motion, which it should not do.


BTW, you can put as much info as you want in the second box.  So you could have said "please help with this physics problem" and then put the whole problem in the second box.

Walking on pebbles in bare feet is more painful than walking on sand. Why?

This is because of the amount of force that is put on your foot and the area over which the force is applied.  Since pressure = force/area, the same force on a smaller area means more pressure.


When you are walking on sand, the force being applied by your body is spread out over the entire surface of your foot.  Therefore, there is relatively little pressure on any one point (since pressure = force/area).


When you step on a pebble it is an entirely different story.  Instead of spreading the pressure over your whole foot, much more of the pressure is applied to the small area that is actually touching the pebble.


So, more pressure applied on a given area of your foot causes more pain.

Wednesday, May 21, 2014

My sister married in the Christian Orthodox Church. Would she be able to serve as a Godmother to my son baptized in the Catholic Church?My sister...

First, congratulations on the baptism of your child!  This is certainly a reason to celebrate!!! As long as you are speaking of the Roman Catholic Church, then the answer to your question according to The Catechism of the Roman Catholic Church is "yes."  This is if, and only if, the Godfather of your child is a practicing Roman Catholic and if both godparents agree to raise the child in the Roman Catholic faith should anything happen to you.


However, I should warn you that a Catholic priest can be as opinionated as the next person.  Some priests refuse to do things that the Church allows, . . . but that they object to personally.  Case in point:  although my husband has since converted to Roman Catholicism, he was Methodist when I married him.  Although the Roman Catholic Church said it was totally fine to have the Eucharist at the Mass celebrating our marriage, the priest flat-out said "no" because both parties weren't Roman Catholic.  Solution:  we had a good friend of ours (a Roman Catholic priest from another parish) perform the rite.


God bless you as you begin to raise your child in the midst of great faith!  : )  [In understanding the sincerity of your question, I find it incredibly ironic that you chose to post your question in The Baptism group!  This is simply because this one-act play is usually considered quite controversial due to its intensely adult subject matter!]

Tuesday, May 20, 2014

Which characters are dynamic and which are static in "By the Waters of Babylon"?

Dynamic characters are typically characters that change throughout the story, are full of depth and are well-rounded and full in their characterization and role in the story itself.  They tend to have strengths and weaknesses, and make progress and choices throughout the story.  The main character, John would definitely fit this category; he goes on a long and arduous journey, conflicted within himself for his supposed transgressions of traditions and rules, but feeling okay because of signs and his internal thirst for knowledge.  He sets out a rather naive boy, but determined, and comes back armed with great knowledge--a heavy burden, although an exciting one.  We see his thoughts, hear his fears, and see things through his eyes.  So, he is very dynamic.  Although not an active character in the story itself, consider the dead man that John discovers, and the Gods themselves.  The nature of these Gods changes, through John's eyes, throughout the story.  At first, they are all-powerful, wonderful beings who are filled with mystery and awe.  By the end of the story, he realizes that they are just men.  That is a dynamic change to go through, one that John arrives at only through an increased understanding of them.  So, consider the gods as a dynamic character choice. The dead man that he finds also seems to have depth--we are curious about him, and he had layers.  Although, he doesn't change himself, so he isn't a typical dynamic character.  And lastly, consider John's dad, who we get to know in stages throughout the story, as he dispenses advice and wisdom to his son.  He is another dynamic character.


Static characters tend to be very flat, and non-changing.  They can typically be described in one or two key words, like "bad guy," or "goofy friend," and don't change much throughout the course of the story itself.  The Forest People are flat characters--we know them only as that.  They don't have faces or individuality, and remain a threat to John and his tribe throughout the entire story.  They don't change, and they are the "bad guys".  John's fellow tribesmen are also static characters who do not change.


I hope that those thoughts helped a bit; good luck!

Are there any similarities between Waiting for Godot and King Lear?Mainly to do with the "tragic vision."

There’s a good article by Normand Berlin on this at http://www.samuel-beckett.net/BerlinTraffic.html:


Berlin states (1999) that in King Lear “Shakespeare gives us an old man, powerless, lonely, an outcast in a bare landscape, filled with anguish and questions, journeying toward death. He gives us another old man, Gloucester, blind, dependent, suicidal. He gives us a young man, Edgar, disguised as a Tom o' Bedlam, naked, exposed, searching for a hovel to sleep in. (Vladimir says "admiringly" to Estragon, who luckily found a place to sleep last night, "A ditch?") It wouldn't surprise us if King Lear and the Fool-wandering on that barren heath, a landscape of life at the edge-met Didi and Gogo, and perhaps they do, in the persons of Pozzo and Lucky (para 20).


Berlin, N (1999). Traffic of our stage: Why Waiting for Godot?


The Massachusetts Review.Retrieved Novemberr 29, 2009 from http://www.samuel- beckett.net/BerlinTraffic.html

In "By the Waters of Babylon" who are the two main characters? What problems do they face and how do they solve them?

There really is only one main character, and that is John.  He narrates the story, and is the main character enacting all of the action.  We hear the events from his viewpoint, and get his thoughts and takes on everything.  His father also plays a role in the story, but it is more of a minor one.  We meet his father at the very beginning as he sends John off on his spirit walk, and then at the end, as he dispenses valuable advice to John about what to do with the great and overwhelming knowledges he has gained in the city of the gods.  So, John is the main character, and his father is also a key figure in the story.


Another character that is integral to the meaning and depth of the story is the man in the house that John discovers near the end of his journey in the ruined city.  The man is dead, but John is struck by his seeming calmness in the face of the destruction of his society; he is just sitting there, seemingly accepting of what has happened.  The man has a lot of books and artwork in his home, and John senses that he was very wise and knowing.  Though not a live, active character in the story, he does play a role in impacting John's opinions of what happened.


The main issues that the main character, John, faces are those of conquering his fear of the unknown lands, his desire for further knowledge, and once he has that knowledge, what he should do with it.  He takes his journey and pushes out beyond the accepted boundaries of their land, breaking ancient rules and traditions as he visits the place of the gods in search of further knowledge.  He discovers quite a bit, and takes it home to his tribe, and plans on giving that knowledge out bit by bit so that they can use it wisely.


I also provided links to the story and some great discussions and background on it that I think that you will find helpful.  Good luck!

What are three major conflicts in this novel, and how are they resolved? Be specific-- not just a man against man or man against society.

One of the major conflicts in the story is Amir's perception of himself.  He is unable to forgive and accept himself after betraying Hassan as a child, and he struggles with this deep into adulthood.  Eventually Amir is able to redeem and forgive himself after traveling to Afghanistan as an adult and rescuing Hassan's son, Sohrab.  After bringing him back to America, Amir begins to heal from a lifetime of guilt and shame.

A second conflict in the story is Amir's relationship with Ali.  Because he is always trying to win his father's approval, as a child, Amir goes as far as betraying his best friend in order to gain favor with his father and protect that relationship.  After they move to the United States when Amir is eighteen, the conflict continues as Amir attempts to pull away from his father and become his own person.  At Amir's college graduation, Ali expresses how proud he is of his son, causing them to begin mending their fragile relationship.

A third conflict is the struggle that Afghanistan faces against both the Russians and the Taliban.  Early on in the novel, the Russians have invaded Afghanistan, causing several people to flee to Pakistan for safety.  Later in the novel, the Taliban have taken control of Afghanistan, tearing apart the country and threatening the  livelihood of the people.  While this particular conflict has not yet been resolved, the novel serves as an in depth illustration of the historical struggle that still persists today.

Monday, May 19, 2014

How can I make analytical demonstration, not algebraic, the next inequality log2(3)>log(4)5?

To prove the inequality above IN ANALYTICAL MANNER and not algebraic one, you have to consider the function f(x)=logx(x+1), and to prove that this function is decreasing one!


We'll write the function f(x)=ln(x+1)/ln x.


it's derivative is


f'(x)=[xln x-(x+1)ln(x+1)]/x(x+1)(ln x)^2.


As you can see, the denominator of f'(x) is positive, for any value of x>1.


For establishing the sign of denominator, we'll consider the function


g(x)=xlnx,


with the derivative


g'(x)=(ln x) +1.


For x>1, g'(x)>0, so from here we inferred that g(x) is an increasing function., so g(x)<g(x+1, so the numerator of f'(x) is negative.


Finally f'(x)<0, so f(x) is strictly decreasing for any x>1.


From here, the  inequality log2(3)>log(4)5 is true, because


3<5,


but log2(3)>log(4)5


because of the character of the function, which is decreasing one!

Why are most cleaners basic? (on the pH scale)

Supposing that you are reffering to alkali cleaners,well,first of all, it's important to know what alkali cleaners are used for. They are good at cleaning all kind of greasy surfaces, as glass, fiberglass , porcelain,stainless steel,chrome surfaces etc. The manner of cleaning is surface degreasing by removing and suspending the grease, which could be washed away by rinsing the surface, after degreasing.


The solutions of alkali cleaners could be more or less concentrated, they coming in a wide range of types: mild alkali (baking soda), moderately to strong Alkali(ammonia, borax, Tri-Sodium Phosphate), strong alkali (Sodium carbonate) and very strong alkali (Sodium hydroxide).


Also, as all substances, alkali are imposing cautions measures, knowing their effects. They could become toxic, or even lethal, if they are used combined with another cleaners, for example, ammonia could emit lethal gasses, or Sodium hydroxide could cause burns to skin and eyes and it has a high level of toxicity.

Sunday, May 18, 2014

Can you make an interesting comparison between Macbeth and Real World?

Macbeth and The Real World are both examples of what happens when a person is out of control.  In The Real World, the reality show stars act irresponsibly and do not care if the world can see it.  Macbeth pretty much behaved the same way.  He was only interested in what he wanted.  He did not care what the consequences of his actions were.  He was only interested in getting revenge. 


In each case, things started out reasonable and then got out of control.  The Real World roommates were not always so badly behaved, and Macbeth was once a respected hero.



The series was hailed in its early years for depicting issues of contemporary young-adulthood relevant to its core audience, such as prejudice, sexuality, AIDS and substance abuse, but later garnered a reputation as a showcase for immature and irresponsible behavior. (Wikipedia)



Peer pressure is also at stake in both cases.  Macbeth’s wife was also out of control.  As with The Real World, irresponsible behavior is contagious in Macbeth.  In The Real World, young men and women make bad choices because everyone around them is making bad choices. 



MACBETH:


If we should fail?


LADY MACBETH:


We fail?


But screw your courage to the sticking-place,


And we'll not fail. (1:7)



Macbeth starts to make bad choices because Lady Macbeth does.

Saturday, May 17, 2014

Write a short dialouge that might take place between the speakers of "The World Is Not a Pleasant Place To Be" by Nikki Giovanniand "Where Have You...

"Do you know what it’s like to be lonely?


"Yes, it’s like there is nothing to live for. No sunshine to brighten your day or warm your skin."


"Exactly. Without someone to love, the constants that make life worthwhile simply disappear into being alone."


"It’s almost as if all of the things that make life beautiful are washed out by the grayness of depression when a lover is lost."


"Don’t you find yourself thinking of his/her features—smile, eyes that light up, the sound of a voice?"


"I do, and I don’t know if I’ll ever get over the pain of it."

Why did the narrator call himself "Stopthief"?

The character "Stopthief' is a child who does not remember his past.  He essentially grew up on the streets and had to fend for himself.  This included taking food from others because he obviously had no money with which to pay.  He does not remember a mother or father, a home, or a name.  The earliest sense of identity came when someone called, "Stop thief!"  As a result, he believes that "Stopthief" is his name.

John Calhoun states that we are not a nation but a union. How do Calhoun's comments reflect the spirit of the pre-Civil War South?How does it...

Calhoun's statement reflects much of the sectionalism that preceded the Civil War.  The belief at the time was that the North and South took different paths towards achieving identify in the modern conception of America.  Now that the threats from the British had been eliminated once and for all after the War of 1812, America was free to advance into the 19th century.  Yet, America sought different ways to express this identity.  The South, with its agrarian and binding to "tradition," represented one narrative of expression and the North, with factories and industrialization, represented another.  Leading into the Civil War, both sections of the nation did not foresee nor seek to acknowledge the invariable level of differences between the two.  At some point, both sides seemed to delay the inevitable that a conflict was present, which is where Lincoln's statement acquires so much importance for he realized at an early point that both notions of the good cannot exist in the American nation.

In Act Three of "The Crucible" who shows courage? Explain how they show it.

Almost all of the people that go to that courtroom and try to present evidence that proves the accusations of witchcraft are false show great courage.  This courtroom has arrested hundreds of people, and is holding them all in jail.  On their word they can sentence people to die.  And yet, despite this formidable power that the court holds, a group of people still went to the courts to try to prove them all that they were wrong.  Here's a list of courageous people, and what they did:


1.  Giles Corey courageously asserted that Thomas Putnam was accusing people just to get their land when they were convicted of witchcraft.  And, even more courageously, he refused to give up the name of the person that heard Putnam say it.  So, to protect a witness that came forward with Putnam's insidious plans, Corey is arrested.  He would rather go to jail himself than expose one more person the courts.  He had courage to accuse such a powerful man in the courts (Putnam was rich and powerful, and a helper to the courts) and courage to not back down and give an innocent man's names to those same courts for fear they would harm the guy.


2.  John Proctor showed tremendous courage when he confessed to adultery in an attempt to show the courts how corrupt their precious Abby was.  He would rather expose his dirty secret and be shunned and shamed than let another innocent person die at Abby's hands.  This confession, in front of the intimidating courts, in front of Abby's uncle (and the Reverend who he hates so much), and everyone else, was incredibly brave.


3.  Francis Nurse is brave to show up with his petition that attested to his wife's innocence.  It was a defiant and daring act.


4.  Mary Warren, BEFORE SHE TURNED, was very brave.  She knew that she was going to face Abby's wrath for exposing her, she knew that Abby might turn on her, she knew that she might get accused of being a witch herself.  But, she tried anyway. Unfortunately, her courage fails her.


5.  Reverend Hale shows courage at the end by quitting the court.  It was a high court, filled with ruling judges, and to quit it would certainly be a blow to his career and reputation.  But his conscience would not let him be part of such corruption anymore, and he bravely quits.


I hope that helps; good luck.

In "A Christmas Memory" by Truman Capote, what does the reader know about Buddy? What is his relationship to the old woman he calls "my friend"?

In "A Christmas Memory"  Buddy and Miss Sooks are cousins.  She is in her sixties, and he is seven.  Buddy is actually Truman Capote when he was a child.  Buddy lived with several relatives due to his parent's divorce.  He has lived with Miss Sooks and other elderly relatives in the house for a long time.


Buddy and Miss Sooks are best friends.  They laugh together and sometimes they cry together.  Miss Sooks starts every Christmas season off by telling Buddy that it is fruitcake weather.  Together the two of them gather pecans and shell them.  They go out and cut a Christmas tree.  Miss Sooks and Buddy make and distribute the fruit cakes around the neighborhood. 

What is the function of the symbolism in the Great Gatsby?I haven't had any problems finding examples of symbolism, but what does the symbolism do...

Symbolism allows the novel to be read with multiple perspectives.


First, it can be read by a feminist angle: women are characterized as symbols, objects of men, temptresses, and materialistic gold diggers.  They are "hopeless little fools" whose voices are "full of money" but they don't say anything.  They are careless (Jordan), careless drivers (Daisy), careless lovers (Myrtle).


Second, the novel can be read by Marxist critics.  Look how social classes are depicted in the novel: there's the elite East Eggers (the bourgeoisie) from the established East Coast, the West Eggers from the west, and the Valley of Ashes (the proletariat) caught in the middle.  Nick, the narrator, is from the Midwest; though he's from the proletariat he likes the fact that Gatsby has joined the bourgeoisie despite his criminal means to the end.  There's a definite Midwestern bias in his narration, and all the symbols are colored accordingly.


Third, the novel can be read by Jungian myth critics who see the same symbolic stories in Gatsby that have been told throughout history.  Daisy is a siren to Gatsby's Odysseus.  Nick is a Nicodemus to Gatsby's Jesus.  Gatsby is a Bryonic hero whose desires are so focused that he doesn't see his death coming.


Of course there's the color, clothing, and geographical imagery.  Fitzgerald uses heavy symbolism and metaphor to allow the novel to transcend time, to be a quintessentially optimistic and pessimistic American novel.  In Gatsby, America is both full of dreams and false promises, depending on where you live, who you are married to, and what kind of car you drive.

Discuss the characterization of Brave Orchid in the excerpt from The Woman Warrior.

Brave Orchid is Maxine's mother. She is full of stories that reveal family sagas as well as heroes and heroines. Through Brave Orchid's tale of her sister-in-law who committed adultery she tries to influence Maxine by a series of admonitions, like, don't do this, don't do that. The story reveals that the sister-in-law who had committed adultery, committed suicide and since then, the family never mentions her name.(The No Name Woman)


Brave Orchid's life story started when she was born in China. Two of her children died. She spent 10 years of her life waiting for her husband's to come home before she finally decided to go to medical school. She eventually became a doctor and practiced medicine in China.


But she give up everything to move to America, (Stockton , CA) where she and her husband own a laundry, and she works part-time as a tomato picker. She had 6 children who she raised to know their Chinese background and culture. But they think she is superstitious since she talks about "ghosts". She is a strict parent. Brave Orchid is always referring to Maxine as stupid or ugly. She reprimands her for being too noisy and without any humor. She is always "on her" trying to make her perfect.


She is presented in the novel as the strong Chinese mother. She focuses on Maxine, trying to protect her life, through constant rituals that will influence luck and good fortune to come her way. It is like the way that the Chinese utilize fen shui, positioning the furniture in such a way as to influence the fates.

Friday, May 16, 2014

What is the purpose, audience and tone for a short story?I have to fill out a prewriting sheet, but I don't know what these are.

Each of these three literary devices will be different depending upon the short story in question.


AUDIENCE. The audience is the actual person or persons who will be reading the story. A writer may aim his story at a specific age group (adolescents or the retired, for example) or for a more limited group (such as an English class or an Internet blog), but he should always anticipate their needs or expectations.


PURPOSE. The writer's purpose may be to inform, convince, learn something new, shock, draw a conclusion or create sympathy, to name a few. It may be simply to mystify and then surprise with an unexpected ending, which is a major element of all good short stories.


TONE. The author's tone is an emphasis of the attitude that he wishes to express for each story. An author's tone can be "characterized as serious or ironic, sad or happyy, private or public, angry or affectionate, bitter or nostalgic, or any other attitudes and feelings that human beings experience." (The Bedford Introduction to Literature, Sixth Edition, p. 2213.)

Can "Kindred" be called a love story?This is from the book kindred by Octavia Butler.

Dana feels like an outsider because she is different from everyone that's because she is a contemporary women who happens to be living in the past. She feels alienated. This alienation leads her to identify with Rufus. She says, "What we had was something new, something that didn't even have a name. Some matching strangeness in us that may or may not have come from being related." On a more romantic note, her relationship with Kevin is also built on a shared feeling of not fitting in or feeling alienated.


When she meets Kevin, Dana thinks  of him, "was as lonely and out of place as I was." After becoming closer to him she realizes that he is... "like me— a kindred spirit crazy enough to keep on trying."


When Dana and Kevin come back home, their feelings of alienation make them feel a shared connection. "It was easy for us to be together, knowing we shared experiences no one else would believe."


This is a kind of love story.

Explain how the elements combine to form an ionic compound.The two group are group 1(alkali metals), and group 15 (nitrogen group)

Ionic bonding occurs as a result of an electron exchange.  Most atomic nuclei do not posses a stable electronic configuration in their outer orbits; they either have an excess or deficiency.  Those with an excess are likely to combine with those with a deficiency so that both atoms have a more stable configuration.  However, in moving an electron from one to the other, both atoms become electrically charged, each forming an ion -- One becomes positive, and the other becomes negative.  These opposing charges attract, and keep the atoms together, forming a compound.

Thursday, May 15, 2014

Describe Satan's character in Book I of Paradise Lost by John Milton.

Milton's Satan, by common consent, is one of the greatest artistic creation in any language. He is the most heroic and magnificent character ever portrayed. There has been great controversy on the ambiguity of his character. Yet it is true that his character engages the reader's attention and excites his admiration also. He is the main character of "Paradise Lost Book1". From the beginning of the epic poem till end, his character degenrates. This degradation gives real epic quality to Paradise Lost & also to Satan himself.


Satan is the villain of the great epic poem. He is an embodiment of evil incarnate. He disobeys God. He cannot be the hero, for in the end, he himself realizes his impotence. The revolt which Satan stirs up in the Heaven, leads to the fall of the angels. The problem for Milton was how to present such an evil character. If Milton had presented him pure and undisguised evil, he would have risked losing the sympathy & interest of his readers. He realised this danger and depricted Satan as possesing many purlities which are good, noble and wholly admirable. That's why, Satan's character is called unique and raged a great controversy among the critics. Yet it is true that he is means to be the villain. He is called 'archfriend', 'arch-enemy', 'apostale angel', 'the adversary of God & Man', n'the spirit malign' etc. His rebellion against God is due to pride and his desire to continue the war of envy, revenge and love of Evil.


Satan is an Archangel in Heaven. He has a high place in the hierarchy of angels. But he is proud and defiant. He rebels against God and falls down to Hell. One third rebellious angels also suffer from the same fate. From pride arise all the evils. Satan is full of pride.


He is courageous.He may be wrong headed, but he has infinite courage in himself. As the poem begins Satan is in a hopeless situation. He lies dazed & stunned in the Lake of liquid fire along with other angels. Heaven is lost to Satan & his followers. He says-


"What though the field be lost?


All is not lost: the unconquerable will,


And study of revenge, immortal hate,


And courage never to submit or yield."


He has firm determination and courage.He says that he will never 'submit or yield.' It is a heroic quqlity. He makes his evil intentions clear. He is prompted by undying hatred for God & a desire for revenge. He is not going to beg God for mercy because of fear. He claims to be equal ton God in arms & superior to Him in foresight. This claim is sheer arrogance on his part. He resolves to wagewar against God "by force or guile", and never to think of reconcilliation with Him. To him weakness is crime-


"Fallen cherub, to be weak is miserable


Doing or suffering"


There are some description. Satan's bodily dimensions. He is "huge in bulk". He is compared to Briareos who fought against Uranus and to Typhon who fought against Jove. He is also compared to the sea-monster "Leviathan". which God of all His works/ created hugest that swim "ocean stream" This description of His external features of Satan is surely worthy of an epic hero. But no sooner have we formed this impression then Milton in forms us of Satan's "dark-designs". Satan's wholly evil aims & designs are too obviously emphasised that satan has some heroic attributes.


Thus, Satan is the character of the epic poem Paradise Lost. He is courageous proud, strong willed and responsible leader. Yet his character degenrates as the poem ends.

Family is the first school. It is the most important agency of socilization.Explain in detail. Comment.

Socialization is defined as the process of instilling in children the values of a particular society.


Gvien this definition, it is clear that family is the first school and the most important agent of socialization at least in the early stages of a child's life.


When a child is little, all it knows of society is what its parents and siblings teach it.  It may observe society, but it is only from its family that it receives instruction about what is acceptable and what is not acceptable in its society.


In addition, the instruction received from family members is made stronger by the emotional bonds between them.


Of course, the influence of the family fades over time relative to that of the peer group.  But the basic foundation laid by the family persists.

Who are the protagonist, antagonist and foil in "Everyday Use" by Alice Walker?

The word 'protagonist' means the principal character in a play or in a story. In Alice Walker's poignant short story "Everyday Use" the protagonist is the mother of Maggie and Dee.


She is the narrator and the focaliser of the story and everything that happens in the story is told to us by her and we see everything from her perspective, consequently she is the most important character or the protagonist in the story.


Most significantly,it is the mother who decides that Maggie and not Dee who must be given the quilts which had been stitched by the grandmother of the girls. At the end of the story the mother snatches the quilts from Dee's (Miss Wangero) hands and gives it to Maggie:




I looked at her hard. She had filled her bottom lip with checkerberry snuff and gave her face a kind of dopey, hangdog look. It was Grandma Dee and Big Dee who taught her how to quilt herself. She stood there with her scarred hands hidden in the folds of her skirt. She looked at her sister with something like fear but she wasn't mad at her. This was Maggie's portion. This was the way she knew God to work.


When I looked at her like that something hit me in the top of my head and ran down to the soles of my feet. Just like when I'm in church and the spirit of God touches me and I get happy and shout. I did some.thing I never done before: hugged Maggie to me, then dragged her on into the room, snatched the quilts out of Miss Wangero's hands and dumped them into Maggie's lap. Maggie just sat there on my bed with her mouth open.



It is this decisive act of the mother by which she asserts her authority and proves that she sympathizes with Maggie, which marks her out as the protagonist of the story.

What is the meaning of Life?

A simple question like this lies at the end, not the beginning, of our inquiry into giving value to mental and emotional effort.  On the surface, this question is merely a grammatical construction, called an interrogative sentence; the words themselves as signifiers are vague—what do we “mean” by “meaning”?  The written definition of “life” is three inches long in the dictionary.  Even the word “what” is open to interpretation.  To the religious inquirer, the question can be rephrased: “Why did God create life, and especially, human life?”  In Catechism, this questioned is stated: “Who made you? God made you.  Why did God make you? To love, honor, and obey Him.”  The philosopher who wants to address this question has to begin with the assumption that “essence precedes existence,” that there is a “plan” in which life has a vital part.  Scientists (anthropologists, physicists, physiologists) can define "life" and “explain” how life began, but not “why.”  The very word “why” presumes a plan with a cause-effect mechanism, a goal.  The Existentialist claims there is no such plan, that “existence precedes essence.”  On the human, day-to-day level, you give your own life “meaning” by entering the complex “hubbub” of human society with a thought-out (and felt-out) set of principles and goals and values.  “What is the meaning of Life?”  Give it a meaning, your meaning.

Wednesday, May 14, 2014

Who are Calypso and Circe in The Odyssey and what instructions do they give Odysseus?

Calypso and Circe are two beautiful women who entrap Odysseus's emotions for a while and distract him from his mission of getting home to Penelope.


After Odysseus has lost all his men and shipwrecks, Calypso takes him in.  She becomes enamored with him and offers him immortality if he will stay with her, but she is ordered through Hermes to release Odysseus and send him home.  Odysseus makes the right choice and heads toward home.


Circe appears later in the epic poem, but Odysseus actually meets her first.  Even though Odysseus does not fall prey to Circe's magic and turn into a pig, he and his men do linger at her palace for a year, wasting valuable time.


Both women further illustrate Odysseus's struggle with pride.  He enjoys having desirable women desire him and allows them to sidetrack him from seeing Penelope and Telemachus sooner, but in the end, he does obey Zeus and makes it home.

Explain Thomas Hardy's "Hap."

The first 8 lines of the poem show that if there were some all powerful vengeful god who took defeating love as a victory and gave him ecstasy, then the reader would find contentment in that he was suffering a fate unmerited. He would find solace in the fact that there was nothing he could do. He would take pride in himself and die an honorable death, because he knows that it is an undeserving one.


The final 6 lines; however, take a turn. The words, “But not so,” let the reader know that what is stated in the first two stanzas is not what the subject in the poem believes to be true. The poet asks ‘why does joy end?’ and ‘why does hope wither?’ The author then tells us that, “Crass Casualty. . . And dicing Time,” are the deciders in the world. “Crass Casualty,” means insensible chance, and, “. . . dicing Time,” means that the poet believes things do not happen for a reason, and actions that occur in the world just run their course randomly as if they were controlled by the random chance of rolling a die.


The author says that these two elements, which are capitalized symbolizing that the poet wants them to be seen as powerful deities in the poem, are pit against people. The poet says, “Crass Casualty obstructs the sun and rain.” Sun and rain here symbolize natural happiness and optimism that can be found in the world. He infers that chance or what the world makes you a casualty of will get in the way of natural beautiful things, thus making them difficult to appreciate.  He says that, “. . . dicing Time,” inhibits the gladness that can be found in that sun and rain. The course of events that occur randomly throughout a person’s life will cause a person to take their eyes off of what could put happiness and optimism in their lives. Time wears a person out.


“These purblind Doomsters had as readily strown/ Blisses about my pilgrimage as pain.” Hardy combines, “Time,” and, “Casualty,” the two ‘gods’ in the poem into a category. A doomster is a person who reads off a judges sentence to a prisoner, or predicts disaster in the future. They are the bearer of the bad news. This pessimistic view of his gods show us that he expects to be dealt  a bad hand in life and wallow in pity afterwards. Purblind means blind from birth. In conjunction with the adjectives, crass and dicing, this means the subject in the poem believes that his gods do not know or care about the outcome of their random actions. The subject in the poem states that the doomsters, casualty and time, have been as willing to throw happiness as pain into his life. The emphasis on the word, “pain,” as the last word of the poem lead us to believe the subject is not happy with his gods of time and casualty, but the rest of the poem indicates that he is aware that there is nothing that can be done when dealing with a god but to accept what they choose, whether that choice was made out of anger or by rolling the dice.

What is the literary device in which situations are placed in opposition, (i.e., the opposite of literary parallelism)?e.g., The LORD's curse is on...

There are a couple of possible correct answers to your question.


1. Juxtaposition is a literary technique which describes objects, characters, ideas, etc., being placed next to each other to show similarities and differences.  Most often, the two elements placed next to one another are opposites.


2. Antithesis is the use of  parallel structure to demonstrate contrasting ideas.  A good example is from Brutus's funeral speech in Julius Caesar when he states, "Not that I loved Caesar less but that I loved Rome more."


3. Chiasmus does not necessarily involve opposing ideas, but its structure follows an ABBA format instead of parallelism's ABAB style.  For example, JFK's Inaugural Address includes several famous ones, such as "Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate."


The example you offered in your question is an antithesis.

Who was Manuel?I am talking about in Call of the Wild. I can't find my book and I'm trying to figure this out. What did he do to Buck?

Manuel was a gardener's helper who stole Buck away from Judge Miller's place in the Santa Clara Valley of California. Manuel was a gambler who loved to play the Chinese lottery, and he had "faith in a system." Because he needed regular money to play his system, he found that he could not afford this vice on his meager salary. He also had a wife and several children to support. So, while the judge was at a meeting of the Raisin Grower's Association, Manuel took Buck on what he "imagined was merely a stroll." Manuel met a man at College Park and money changed hands. A rope was place around Buck's throat and, suddenly, he was on his way to San Francisco.

Why do we have a heart?

The heart is the main organ of the circulatory system.  The job of the circulatory system is to transport oxygen and nutrients throughout the body.  The heart has 4 chambers. Two of the chambers receive blood and two of the chambers pump blood out of the heart.  The heart is also broken up into right and left halves.  The right half of the heart receives deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs to get oxygen.  The left half of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and then pumps blood to the body.  Nutrients and oxygen are delivered to cells so that growth, reproduction, movement, etc., can continue.

What was Elie's reaction to his father's beating? Why is the hanging of the "sad-eyed angel" one of the most moving events in Night?

In the concentration camp Eli had initially been very supportive and protective of his father in the book Night.  However, when his father is beaten he experiences the need to get away and disassociate himself form the situation and his father.  Instead of becoming angry with the Kapo, he projects his anger on his father.  He is upset that his father could not have avoided the situation.  For Eli his father is becoming a burden as he has to watch over him more and more. Later, when his father dies, he knows that it is something of a relief.


The sad eyed angel is a child who is hung by adults and left hanging on the gallows alive for 30 minutes.  The child was called a pipel.  A pipel is a beautiful child with delicate features and angelic in appearance. The child was a servant to a Dutchman in the camp.  Everyone in the camp loved the child.  The Dutchman had been accused of a crime and he and his servant were sent to the camp.  When the Dutchman was removed from the camp to another location, the child was left behind.   The child was tortured for information. The SS sentenced him to die. 


The child and two adults were hung in nooses.  All the eyes were on the child.  The child was silent and pale and chewed on his lips.  People had cried out calling for God. Hats were removed.  The prisoners were weeping and they were ordered to recover their heads. 


The adults died quickly but the child lingered.  He died a slow agonizing death.  Everyone looked into his face. No one could understand where God was or why He could allow this to happen.  It was a devastating scene in the book and a devastating moment in the camp.

Tuesday, May 13, 2014

What is the external conflict of "the bird book" in the short story, "The Scarlet Ibis"?

    In the James Hurst short story, "The Scarlet Ibis," Doodle and his family discover the identity and the ultimate migratory limits of the "great big red bird" that has died in their yard from a book about birds that the family has on hand.



... we stood around it, awed by its exotic beauty.
    "It's dead," Mama said.
    "What is it?" Doodle repeated.
    "Go bring me the big bird book," said Daddy. 



The book identifies it as a scarlet ibis and it's range of migration--"from South America to Florida. A storm must have brought it here." (Although not specifically identified, the setting of the story is probably coastal North Carolina, where author James Hurst grew up.) As an external conflict device, the book simply serves as proof as to why the bird has appeared and then fallen from the tree. It also explains why none of the family has seen one before and perhaps magnifies Aunt Nicey's prediction that "Dead birds is bad luck... 'specially red, dead birds!" In any case, Doodle has discovered a sad kinship with the bird that should never have made it so far north.

Any ideas why my Windows computer is locking up?A blue screen appeared after I logged in and it takes a long time to fully load my desktop, like...

I have to make a few guesses about the type of hardware and software you are using.  I am guessing that you have a fairly recent computer running windows XP.  I am also assuming that what you are talking about when you say "blue screen" is not the infamous "blue screen of death" more common to Windows NT and 98 but rather a screen that stays blue when trying to log on.  It sounds as if you are able to log on, but then it takes a long time for Windows to start and then freezes.  These can be hard to diagnose because there are so many different types of interactions between hardware and software that must be working in order to keep the system running correctly.


The fact that you have done a lot of scans may or may not be imortant here, depending on what scans you did.  I am going to assume, though that you did the most common ones and they did not return any sort of virus or registry problem.


I know you have probably been asked this before, but have you installed any new hardware or software recently?  Probably not, but if you can think of something it might be worth a try uninstalling it.  It would have to be something that tries to load every time you start windows, like an anti-virus program, crash reporter....that kind of thing.


The problem is that it doesn't sound like you are able to use your computer long enough to uninstall the things because it freezes.


Here are three things you can try:


  1. Reinstall Windows.  This is the mother of all fixes and the most disruptive, but you'd be surprised how many problems this can cure. Although you have done a lot of scans, they might not be scanning for exactly the thing that is causing the problem (could be some kind of driver or something.)  Reinstalling Windows would probably fix it (though you would have to be sure you were doing a "clean" install....erase the hard drive first.

  2. Maybe it is a driver or self launching program that is screwing with your system.  Try starting in "safe mode" which doesn't load all that junk.  If your computer starts and does not freeze, you will have narrowed down your problem to one of those. (as your computer starts up hold down F8 to get to the menu to start safe mode)

  3. It is possible a piece of hardware is failing.  RAM is notorious for freezing systems and is hard to detect when it goes bad.  If you have more than one RAM stick in your computer, try removing one and starting XP up.  If it still freezes, put  that one back and remove the other, repeating the process.  If XP then boots fine, you know that your RAM is messed up and needs to be replaced.

  4. I have also seen a failing hard drive cause a lot of problems.  It starts to chuck little bits of data that you need to keep the system running properly.

  5. If you have an upgraded video or sound card, try taking them out and booting the computer using the "built in option."  You might find out if there is something wrong with your video or sound card.  If you just have the built in audio/video, well, that won't work. 

Hope this gives you some ideas.  Good luck to you!

Monday, May 12, 2014

What is Scrooge's sister's name in A Christmas Carol?

In Charles Dickens's A Christmas Carol, Stave 2: "The First of the Three Spirits",  Ebenezer Scrooge is taken to the past.  Scrooge knows who he will probably get to see again: his dead sister, Fan, or Fran.


For this reason, Scrooge was already on the path to redemption the moment he saw the door that would lead him to her. 



Scrooge looked at the Ghost, and with a mournful
shaking of his head, glanced anxiously towards the door.



He was correct in being nervous. When the door opened, it was none other than his sister, looking much younger than the little boy than he was at that time. 



It opened; and a little girl, much younger than the boy,
came darting in, and putting her arms about his neck, and
often kissing him, addressed him as her 'Dear, dear brother.'



The spirit of the child spoke to Ebenezer as if they were both small children. Scrooge is taken back to his schoolboy years, where he suffered at the hand of headmasters, and where he seemed obviously lonely and sad.


In this memory, Fan had come to take him "home" from school.  Things had supposedly changed in the household, and it was like "heaven". Their father is now kind, and he was who asked Fan to take a coach and get Ebenezer to spend many Christmases together as a family and finally happy. 



And you're to be a man.' said the child,
opening her eyes,' and are never to come back here; but
first, we're to be together all the Christmas long, and
have the merriest time in all the world.'"



This encounter really takes a toll on Ebenezer, especially when he has to tell the ghost that his sister has been dead for a while. In fact, she is the mother of Fred, Ebenezer's nephew and only family member remaining. Yet, Scrooge never really approaches Fred, not even being Fran's son. He refuses to accept Fred's invitations to get together, and even Fred's fiancee admits than trying is worthless. Either way, it may very well be that Fan/Fran's death could have been one of the first events that defined Scrooge's mean and angry persona, since she was one of the very few, and perhaps the only person, whom ever truly loved him. 

How does Rainsford have courage and describe how Connell shows it in the story, "The Most Dangerous Game"?

    The famed hunter, Sanger Rainsford, shows great courage throughout his ordeal with the maniacal General Zaroff on Ship-Trap Island in Richard Connell's short story, "The Most Dangerous Game." As a big game hunter, his courage has been proven in the past while stalking his deadly game. After falling off his yacht, he survives the dangerous waters and swims to shore safely. After dining with Zaroff, Rainsford dares to disagree with the Cossack,



    "I can't believe you are serious, General Zaroff. This is a grisly joke."
    "Why should I not be serious? I am speaking of hunting."
    "Hunting? Great guns, General Zaroff, what you speak of is murder... I'm a hunter, not a murderer."



    During the hunt when he has become the prey, Rainsford thinks calmly and clearly. "I will not lose my nerve. I will not." One by one, he sets his own traps for the armed Zaroff while clearly setting his primary goal: to escape alive. When he throws himself from the cliff into the rocky waters below, he knows that he may not survive. Finally, he shows the great audacity to return and turn the tables on Zaroff. A man with less courage would not have survived the game.

Was the story believable? Why or why not?

"The Giver" is more of an analogy of what could happen if the government controlled all aspects of human life.  Humans often complain about the very things that make us human.  There are complaints about the weather, having children, children's behaviors, dealing with in-laws, jobs, racism, etc.  The author was trying to present a society which could be viewed as a "perfect society."  In the society there is no violence, racism, or challenges.  The lifestyle initially may seem mundane but there is a peace to having no emotions or feelings.  However, the exterior is pulled away as the Giver transfers memories to Jonas.


The reader begins to see that reality, as we know it, is a gift.  Even pain has something to offer.  I doubt that any of the events could be real with the exception of euthanasia which is referred to as release in the society in the book.  Another reason it could not be real is that it would be very hard to hide the type of society away from other societies.  In the book a plane that is lost flies over the society.  With the rapid progression of land development and the search for resources even primitive societies are being exposed and have lost their way of life to modern experiences.


No, it could not be real or believable.  There are elements of believability.  For example the Nazi party did a pretty good job of keeping the population under control during Hitler's era or so many Jews and other would not have died at their hands.

Sunday, May 11, 2014

Who are Reverend Parris, Betty, and Abigail, and what is their relationship in The Crucible?

Reverend Parris is the religious leader in Salem.  Being the religious leader means that you are responsible for the souls of those in your congregation.  This is a big responsibility so to lighten the load a bit; your finances were taken care of by your congregation.  Everything was provided for Parris and his family and in turn he needed to be the pillar of the community.  It was due to this fact that Parris found it imperative to cover up his family’s involved in the satanic behavior in the woods.  Betty (Parris’s daughter), Abigail (Parris’s niece), Tituba (Parris’s slave), and other young girls of the community were caught chanting and dancing naked in the woods one night.  To understand why this is a big problem you need to understand the time period as well as Puritan belief.  Young girls were raised to be pure and full of moralistic values.  It was through this purity that girls were matched with potential husbands and the union was made.  Even after the union of marriage, young ladies needed to be pure and void of bold behavior.  The activities found in marriage were duties and not meant to be fun and exciting.  Even if the girls were just caught dancing in the woods, it would be considered a punishable sin, but the fact that they were naked and chanting compounded the situation.  This point needed to be explained because it is this particular incident that really develops the character of Reverend Parris in the play and it explains his motivations throughout.

How did world politics affect the course and outcome of the American Revolution and how did it affect women/african americans?Thanks for any help!

African Americans were greatly effected by politics worldwide that supported the American Revolution. For example, Crispus Attucks was a black man who was a leader of the black freedom fighters during the American Revolution, who led a group of patriots to stop the" British Redcoats" who were-- sent by the British-- to come to the U.S. to try and control the colonists. These patriots that Attucks led were sailors and servants and people who worked on the docks. During what was known as the BOSTON MASSACRE, Crispus Attucks' was killed. However, his martyrdom inspired many and led to the American Revolutionary War because the people realised how important it was defend our freedoms and rights to independence.


Crispus Attucks was only one black who served during that war. There were thousands more.  Later on Crispus' leadership inspired many other blacks and abolitionists as well as women's rights advocates.


Women and African American's lives were changed forever because now there was a basis for individual rights in the constitution which later led to the establishment of nondiscrimmination laws for women and blacks.

Saturday, May 10, 2014

Show that Brutus is an idealist who commits a series of blunders in his role as a politician as well as a military commander.

I really like where this question is coming from. Brutus, as you've already spotted, gets the military decisions completely 100% wrong, which leads Cassius to realise, just before his suicide, that Brutus has given the word too early and brought about their loss at Philippi. Titinius is the one who tells him

O Cassius, Brutus gave the word too early;
Who, having some advantage on Octavius,
Took it too eagerly: his soldiers fell to spoil,
Whilst we by Antony are all enclosed.

At every other point in the play though where there is a decision to make, Brutus gets it wrong. It's unbelievable really that such a disaster of a man has come to be generally regarded by literary critics as somehow heroic and honourable. No way.

I'll give you two cases in point:

Cassius wants to kill Antony as well as Caesar, fearing that Antony, even after Caesar is dead, may cause trouble for the conspirators. This, of course, is exactly what happens in the second part of the play. Brutus, though, is having none of it:

Our course will seem too bloody, Caius Cassius,
To cut the head off and then hack the limbs,
Like wrath in death and envy afterwards;
For Antony is but a limb of Caesar:
Let us be sacrificers, but not butchers, Caius.

Brutus seems keen to divorce "blood" from the murder of Caesar, which itself is shown up in all its deluded idealism when Brutus and the other conspirators are faced with a huge pool of blood and Caesar's body in the middle of it.

Key point here though is that Brutus overrules Cassius. Antony lives. And causes trouble, just as Cassius says he will.

Case point two is when, after the murder, Cassius is furious that Brutus decides to let Antony speak at Caesar's funeral:

CASSIUS Brutus, a word with you.
You know not what you do: do not consent
That Antony speak in his funeral:
Know you how much the people may be moved
By that which he will utter?

BRUTUS By your pardon;
I will myself into the pulpit first,
And show the reason of our Caesar's death...


Cassius, again, is right. And Brutus is wrong: Brutus' speech only serves as a springboard and a touchstone for Antony's own, made in direct contrast to it.

Brutus may have the right ideals, but pragmatically, the man is an absolute disaster.

What external conflict pits a character against another character in "The Interlopers"?external conflicts is this: occurs between characters or...

There is a huge "man vs. nature conflict" where the huge tree falls and traps both of the men. Here ulrich and George can say anything, because both of them are not moving.


There is a significant "man vs. man conflict" where both Ulrich and George are fighting over this spisifac piece of land. Both of the two men work very hard to make revenge on eachother.


There is a "man vs. himself conflict" where the two men decide wether or not to continue the formal way of seeking revenge. Ulrich and Georg have to decide wether or not it's worth it at all.

According to Clarisse's uncle, what virtue are the youth of society missing?the hearth and the salamander

Clarisse talks about her uncle quite a bit; he seems to be her main source of information about the way things used to be. In the second conversation between Clarisse and Montag that we read about, Clarisse tells Montag that, according to her uncle, it used to be that children didn't kill one another as easily as they seem to know.  She also tells him that her uncle says that people used to be more responsible and that's missing in their society.  She goes on to say that no one is responsible any longer and that when she was a little girl, she was occasionally spanked and that she now has to uphold certain responsibilities like shopping and sharing in the housecleaning.  Responsibility, therefore, is the virtue that is lacking in the youth of the story.

Friday, May 9, 2014

How did The Reform in New England begin?

During the English Reformation, a general break from the Church of England and Catholicism spread across Europe. Historians often focus on changes in religious views as the cause the Reformation. However, political, economic and social factors also led to the 16th century reform movement.


England had been on the feudal system, led by lords that ruled a particular area.  The lords provided land for vassal to live, and the vassals farmed the land. At the time, there was virtually no true central government or protection against crime.  The government of England promised better protection, in return for the lord’s paying more taxes to the king.  England became nationalistic.


England also became enlightened. The printing press allowed people to widely distribute their ideas more quickly and efficiently. It allowed for large quantities of printed material to be mass produced, including newspapers and Bibles. The newspaper enabled people to write about events, as well as criticize the monarchy. The mass production of Bibles helped people become more literate. Ideas and knowledge was being shared and transferred to various classes. Now people were learning to read and interpret the Bible themselves, instead of depending on the papacy to read to them.


Religion became a major part of the Reformation when Henry VIII decided that he wanted an annulment of his marriage. At the time, the king gave the papacy tribute money and the Pope decided religious matters. When the Pope refused to grant an end of the king’s marriage, the monarchy and papacy split. The monarchy became the leader of the Church of England, the official religion, and refused to allow practice of other religions. Also, the papacy stopped receiving funds from the king.


Still another factor in the England Reformation was the desire for using common law, instead of relying on the courts to settle all disputes.

Writing a research paper on Rape of NankingWhy did japan torture so many chinese people without any rhyme or reason.

You really should look for books on this subject.  It's one where it really is a good idea to consult people who are truly experts.


I'm not an expert -- just someone who has taken a lot of classes on Japan, read books about it, speak the language fairly well.  But my opinion should not be substituted for that of a real expert.


My feeling is that the Japanese atrocities came from a number of sources, but the main two or three that I can think of are:


  • Ancient rivalry with and conflicted feelings about China.  The Japanse got much of their culture from China yet had surpassed China in many ways.  So they felt superior yet they knew they owed a lot to the Chinese.

  • The samurai/feudal ethos.  This helped them believe that those who were not warriors (or didn't live up to the Japanese view of what warriors should be) were less deserving of respect and didn't need to be treated well.  This showed up in their treatment of Allied POWs as well.

  • Related to this is the militarism that was rampant in Japan at this time.  This was the idea that the military was superior to all civilians and could, therefore, sort of do what it wanted.

Thursday, May 8, 2014

In the book Shabanu: Daughter of the Wind, what did Shabanu and her Dadi sell in the bargain and for how much?

Shabanu and Dadi sell all of the female camels and calves they have brought, except for one older female who "hasn't dropped a calf in three years," for thirty thousand rupees. The man who purchases them is happy, feeling that he has gotten "a good bargain."


Dadi had originally asked much more for his camels. The man who eventually received the good bargain had commented that Dadi's prices are "the highest at Sibi." Dadi had countered with the observation that his camels "are the best." Later in the morning, Dadi negotiates another deal for Tipu, the large male camel who is the leader of the herd. In return for Tipu, Dadi receives the handsome sum of eighteen thousand rupees.


Dadi makes an even larger transaction when a man named Wardak returns some time later. Wardak presents Dadi with an offer he cannot refuse, one hundred and fifty thousand rupees for Guluband, Dadi's largest and best-trained camel and Shabanu's favorite. Shabanu is devastated when Guluband is led away, but when she has settled down, she understands, despite the aching void in her heart, that the family is



"richer than (they) have ever been...from the sale of fourteen camels, Dadi has made enough for Phulan's wedding and dowry and for (Shabanu's) next year. He and Mama will have an easier life (Chapter 7 - "The Bargain").


Wednesday, May 7, 2014

In the story "The Lady or the Tiger," what was the method devised by the king to administer justice?

The king had devised a very ingenious method of punishing the criminals of his country. He had built a public  arena which the author Frank R. Stockton describes in the following manner:



"This vast amphitheater, with its encircling galleries, its mysterious vaults, and its unseen passages, was an agent of poetic justice, in which crime was punished, or virtue rewarded, by the decrees of an impartial and incorruptible chance."



On the appointed day when all the citizens had taken their seats, the criminal would have to step out into the arena below. Directly opposite him were two similar doors. Behind one door was the fiercest tiger in the whole country and behind the other was a very beautiful girl. The criminal was free to open either one of these doors. If he opened the door behind which the tiger was he would be immediately torn to pieces and "doleful iron bells were clanged, great wails went up from the hired mourners posted on the outer rim of the arena," announcing the guilty man's end. If he opened the door behind which the beautiful girl was he would be immediately married to her and "gay brass bells rang forth their merry peals, the people shouted glad hurrahs, and the innocent man, preceded by children strewing flowers on his path, led his bride to his home."


To quote the author:



"This was the king's semi-barbaric method of administering justice. Its perfect fairness is obvious. The criminal could not know out of which door would come the lady; he opened either he pleased, without having the slightest idea whether, in the next instant, he was to be devoured or married. On some occasions the tiger came out of one door, and on some out of the other. The decisions of this tribunal were not only fair, they were positively determinate: the accused person was instantly punished if he found himself guilty, and, if innocent, he was rewarded on the spot, whether he liked it or not. There was no escape from the judgments of the king's arena."


Tuesday, May 6, 2014

According to Descartes, how can we be sure that corporeal (or material) things really do exist outside our minds?

The answer to this is a bit complicated (no surprise there) and not terribly convincing, but here it is:


First, Descartes has to prove that there is something out there other than ourselves.  He argues that we can prove this by the fact that we have all these sensations (the heat from a fire) for example, that we do not consciously cause.  (We feel the heat whether we want to or not, whether we think about it or not.)  Because we don't cause the sensations, something outside us must cause them.


Second, he must prove that the something that causes the sensations is material.  He says there are three options for what could be causing them: A) God, B) something material, C) something else that's not material but created, presumably by God.


His only argument for why B is true is that God is not a deceiver.  He says that God has given us a propensity to believe in coroporeal things.  Since God would not deceive us, therefore there are corporeal/material things out there that are causing the sensations we feel.

What religions are practised in Peru?

The Constitution of Peru allows for religious freedom, so Peru has no official religion.


Peru was conquered by Spain in the 1500s and was a colony of Spain until the early 1800s.  For this reason, its population, along with those of all other former Spanish colonies, is heavily Roman Catholic.


According to the CIA Factbook, over 81% of Peruvians are Roman Catholic.  The Factbook also lists another 12% or so as evangelical Christians.  Evangelical protestant sects are gaining ground throughout Latin America these days.  There are populations of Seventh-Day Adventists and Mormons, but the Peruvian national census only includes categories for Catholic, evangelical, other, and none so there are no official numbers.


Finally, there are still some Peruvians, mostly indigenous, who practice indigenous pagan religions.

In "Hamlet" what specific weaknesses do you see in Claudius, Laertes, Ophelia and Hamlet?Through what words or actions is weakness revealed and how...

Claudius is power-hungry, to the point of it dominating all of his decisions, even at the cost of human lives.  It drives him to murder his brother and marry his sister-in-law, it drives him to send dispatches to murder Hamlet, and it plays a role in his manipulation of Laertes at the end, in the duel challenge.  His drive for power causes much of the harm done in the play.  Laertes has a weakness of vanity; at the beginning of the play we see him departing to seek fortune, experience and a name for himself in the world.  It is while he is gone boosting his vanity that his father is killed and Ophelia goes mad; without him there to support either one of them, they fell prey to the events at the castle.  Vanity also prompts Laertes to revenge at the end--he has to maintain an image of the protecting son avenging his father's name.  His vanity leaves him vulnerable to manipulation and schemes.


I feel that Ophelia's main weakness is her lack of a backbone, or confidence and individuality.  She allows herself to be a pawn in the hands of her father and the king and queen.  Even though she loved Hamlet and had a relationship with him, she doesn't hesitate to break it off with him and return his things, all so that meddling people can observe Hamlet's behavior.  She does whatever her father tells her to do, and doesn't voice her own opinion or desires.  Maybe she doesn't have her own opinions, which leads to her malleability.  Ophelia is weak, and lacks the courage to voice her own will; this leads to her shunning of Hamlet and her inability to cope when the person who guided her life, her father, died.


And then there's Hamlet.  Thousands of essays have been written about what his potentially most fatal weakness could have been.  I think it was his lack of action--his indecisiveness, that lead to all of the tragedy in the play.  Hamlet's indecisiveness makes Claudius suspicious and gives him time to hatch evil plans against Hamlet.  Hamlet's lack of quick, decisive action allows all of the events of the play to happen in their own time, leading to everyone's deaths.  I also provided a link below that discusses other potential weaknesses of Hamlet.


I hope that helped; good luck!