How is human nature characterized by Jean Jacques Rousseau?

We can learn of Rousseau's views on human nature from his Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men (Discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes), also commonly known as the"Second Discourse" (1754,1755).

The first part deals with man's relationship with Nature and his natural state. Rousseau's main argument is that the main cause for all of mankind's problem is not 'sin' but his separation from 'Nature.' He believed that Nature has always been kind to man and only when he separates himself from Nature that he degenerates both physically and morally. This is in direct contrast to Hobbes' views that man is fundamentally corrupt.

In the second part of the essay Rousseau states that man became more and more corrupt and degenerate as he became a 'social animal.' The root cause for all of man's social problems is ownership of property. He concurs with John Locke's statement “There can be no injury, where there is no property.” From this vice spring all the other vices like selfishness, greed, pride, etc.

In Ode to the West Wind, what is the "closing night" called?

In Stanza II of Ode to the West Wind, Percy Bysshe Shelley use a metaphor to compare the West Wind to a funeral song (dirge) played to the waning year of 1819; Shelley writes in the autumn of 1819.

Shelley furthers the metaphoric comparison by calling the night on which he writes his lyric ode (ode is a form of lyric poetry) the "closing night" as though it were the closing movement of the funeral dirge.

He goes on to build the imagery of this metaphor, the scope of which is continually increasing, by saying that the metaphorical "closing night" (closing movement of the dirge) will be a metaphorical dome (high vaulted ceiling) to a sepulcher (tomb, grave, place of burial) that is vaulted (curved architecturally) and architecturally supported by the symbolic force of the West Wind held in the collected waters of Earth.

Shelly refers to the fact that the warm Mediterranean west wind evaporates the waters and precipitates torrential rain storms in the autumn. It is these collected waters that first support the vaulted dome and then storm down as signifiers of mourning in the form of "Black rain, and fire [lightning], and hail...."

In summary, Shelley calls the "closing night" the last movement of a funeral song (dirge); a vaulted dome; a ceiling for a tomb; a vaulted dome supported the rains of mourning. If my count is correct (I confess to being dizzy with all Shelly's twists), that's a metaphor within a metaphor within a metaphor.

Explain how the war between Lilliput and Blefuscu began.

In Daniel Defoe's novel Gulliver's Travels, Gulliver becomes involved in the long-standing dispute between the tiny citizens of Lilliput and the nearby island nation of Blefuscu. The conflict between the two nations of little people began long before when one of the Lilliputian emperors determined that eggs could only be broken on the small end. Some Lilliputians rebelled against this doctrine, and Blefuscu entered the conflict since the natives of Blefuscu--also known as "Big-Endians"--believed that eggs should only be broken on the big end. The two nations had been at war ever since.

What advice does Thoreau offer to those who live in poverty?

There might have to be some qualification needed here.  Thoreau is quite strong on his assertions that material wealth and the drive for materialism helps to get in the way of understanding the nature of truth(s) and self:"Most of the luxuries, and many of the so-called comforts of life, are not only not indispensable, but positive hindrances to the elevation of mankind."  This helps to highlight much of how Thoreau views wealth.  Poverty, if chosen and self initiated, can lead to a better understanding, in Thoreau's mind, of how life should be as opposed to how it is.  The drive for "simplicity" and the notion of leading a life where material exploits are not as valued as spiritual notions of the good is a critical one.  Thoreau makes the active decision in pursuing this life.  It is not very clear how Thoreau addresses how material inequality dictated by social conditions impacts this pursuit for truth and understanding.

What is the theme of sonnet 130?

This sonnet has a passionate and mysterious theme ' the dark lady!' Although the main theme is love, the fuller discussion rests on the idea of 'loving as a friend.' Many people will be familiar with the saying 'but we can still be friends.' But is this true? Can a physical love ever exist in special friendships without platonic love,and vice versa? In a relationship of 'true minds' only, will both halves of the couple be truly and completely happy? A poetry example from more modern times springs to mind - W.B. Yeats was sick with love for Maud Gonne for most of his life, yet she could see no reason for his unhappiness in settling for a close friendship where he shared the friendship with others. In this sonnet, in the end the question is whether the steamy affair that follows has spoilt the chance for an everlasting 'purer' love for ever.Another theme is the true value of metaphors for love in poetry and whether they can actually come close to what love is actually like (a rose, a summer's day, a sickness in various poems.) In some poems, the metaphors cannot do justice to the beloved, but this sonnet 130 is more down-to-earth as the poet appears to actually realise that 'my idol has feet of clay' as another writer puts it. The subject,although loved,has imperfections that the poet can see.

Please paraphrase Shakespeare's "Sonnet 18."

Well, to paraphrase something means to "express the same message in different words," so that is what I will try to do:

I'd compare you to a summer's day,

but you are prettier and more pleasant.

In spring rough winds shake the trees

and mess up their new leaves,

and summer doesn't last that long once it comes.

Sometimes the sun is too hot

and sometimes it is too cold out,

but that is just the way nature works.

You, though, are the gift that keeps on giving!

Baby, you're like a summer that never goes away.

Not even death can wipe out the memory

of how great my love is for you,

because I wrote this sweet poem about it.

As long as people have eyes and can read

this poem will remind them

how much I loved you.

That's about it: I love you, you're way better than the beautiful stuff people usually think of, and this poem will remind people forever how much I love you.  Romantic, huh?

Are the setting and characters in A Streetcar Named Desire realistic?

In the opening scenes of A Streetcar Named Desire, the setting and characters are portrayed as realistic.  At the beginning of the play, Blanche arrives to visit her sister Stella and her husband Stanley.  The area in New Orleans is much differnent from the sisters' home Belle Reve--the houses are quaint and the area is characterized by the blues music emanating from clubs. Stella and Stanley live in a small apartment, and Blanche criticizes her sister's way of life.  Blanche claims to be used to a finer lifestyle, and this sets up the initial clash between the characters.  Later, Stanley's brash ways serve as another clash between him and Blanche.  These elements make the setting and characters realistic.

According to Inherit the Wind, why exactly does a society need to progress? How would it progress? Also, what do you think is the theme of this...

Let me offer a counterpoint, which may help in formulating your thoughts. In particular I want to challenge the notion that there will always be progress. I think we have been influenced by Darwin's theory of evolution for too long. So, let me begin with a question:

How does one know that there will always be progress? Does not history shows that there are times of stagnation and regression? For example, all empires rise and fall, certain things are learned, forgotten and relearned. Some things may have been forgotten and never relearned. As Peter Berger, the sociologist, says, “It is also possible that there was a secret conclave of Aztec priest who knew something we have not even dreamed of – and that this truth perished with them, never to be recovered.” More importantly, how should one even define progress? In the least, one should question the notion of continual progression.

What is the complete subject and the complete predicate of this sentence? Durbin was built in 1930, while Fall Creek was built in 1955.

The sentence, 'Durbin was built in 1930, while Fall Creek was built in 1955' is a 'Compound Sentence' made up of Two Main Clauses. A Main Clause is a Clause with a Finite Verb, which makes complete sense by itself and hence it is also known as an 'Independent Clause.'

The first Main Clause of this sentence is, 'Durbin was built in 1930.' In this Main Clause, 'Durbin' is the Subject and 'was built in 1930' is the Predicate.

The second Main  Clause of this sentence is  'while Fall Creek was built in 1955.'  In this Main Clause, 'Fall Creek' is the Subject and 'was built in 1955' is the Predicate.

'while' is the conjunction which links both the Main Clauses of the Compound Sentence, 'Durbin was built in 1930, while Fall Creek was built in 1955.'

Can somebody plz give me the steps of construction for the following sum:- ?Construct ΔABC in which BC = 4.2 cm, ∠ABC = 60° and AB = 5 cm....

Draw AX  of sufficient length. Taking 5cm radius  in compass, cut off AX at B . Now AB =5cm.

Take the compass with 5cm and at A as centre, make an arc  and similarly with the same  radius in compass and B as centre  and make arc. The two arc cut at a point P. Draw BP  and mark off C on BP such that BC = 4.2 cm. Now Angle ABC = 60 degree.

Bisect the angle ABC : With B as centre and with suitable radius,draw an arc to cut BA and BC  at X and Y respectively.

With   X as centre and then  Y as centre , draw arcs of  equal radius to cut  at Z. Draw BZ  , the angle bisector of angle ABC. Extend BZ to a sufficient length.

Mark off BO along BZ, such that BO = 4cm.

Draw a circle with on BO as diameter  with the centre L , the mid point of BO with radius LO= LB =2cm.

The circle cuts the BA and BC at Points M and N.

Then OM = ON should be equal to 2cm. And with O as centre you can draw a circle of radius OM =ON = 2cm , which touch both AB and BC at M and N.

Proof: Since BZ is bisector of angle ABC, Angle ABZ = Angle ZBC = 30 degree. Triangle OMB = is a right angled triangle as it is in a semimicirlce. Therefore, angle OMB = 90 degree. Angle OBM= angle OBA = 30 degree. Therefore, in a right angled triangle , where one angle is 30 degree, the opposite side OM must be half of hypotenuse BO. So OM =2cm. Since angle BMO =90 degree, BA is the tangent to the circle of radius 2cm with centre O and BA touches the circle at M. Similar explanation could be given to say that BC is the tangent to the circle touching at N.

What is the relevance of Frankenstein in today's society? What lessons can modern man learn from Frankenstein? What are some examples.think about...

Frankenstein is the first science fiction novel; it both praises and denounces science and the scientist.  In addition, it presages the cloning and genetic engineering realities of modern science.  As is the nature of most science fiction, Frankenstein urges mankind to proceed with caution in developing such technologies; the novel calls for scientific communities instead of isolated experimentation; and, above all, the novel illustrates the existential and identity problems of clones.

More, the novel calls for guidelines of rogue science.  Mary Shelly implies that the rogue scientist must denounce the following oaths of hubris:

So much has been done, exclaimed the soul of Frankenstein - more, far more, will I achieve; treading in the steps already marked, I will pioneer a new way, explore unknown powers, and unfold to the world the deepest mysteries of creation.

Although he exhibited the Romantic spirit, the rogue scientist seeks personal fame, not collaboration.  Instead, I think the novel implicitly calls for the modern set of guidelines (oaths created by Sir David King, 2007).  Notice the words "others" or "scientists," even "animal" rights, are to respected.  Victor anticipates no such effects on others.

The seven principles of the code, intended to guide scientist's actions, are:

• Act with skill and care in all scientific work. Maintain up to date skills and assist their development in others.

• Take steps to prevent corrupt practices and professional misconduct. Declare conflicts of interest.

• Be alert to the ways in which research derives from and affects the work of other people, and respect the rights and reputations of others.

• Ensure that your work is lawful and justified.

• Minimise and justify any adverse effect your work may have on people, animals and the natural environment.

• Seek to discuss the issues that science raises for society. Listen to the aspirations and concerns of others.

• Do not knowingly mislead, or allow others to be misled, about scientific matters. Present and review scientific evidence, theory or interpretation honestly and accurately.

What is the theme of “Barn Burning”?

The story "The Barn Burning" has a theme of good versus evil and innocence versus guilt.  The story begins with the boy sitting before the Justice of the Peace.  His father is being questioned and accused of having burned a man's barn in retaliation for the man having held the man's hog when it repeatedly had escaped his father's pen.  The boy keeps telling himself that the other man is his enemy just like he is his father's enemy.  When the child is called to speak his father refuses it.  The father is not found guilty as there is no proof. 

As the story progresses the reader learns that the family has moved often for one reason or another.  The father is lifted up as a positive mental picture by his exploits in the Confederacy.  He had been a soldier who was brave and had served his land.  However, this is set against the reality of the truth about the father.  He is miserly.  He is not concerned about his family's comfort.  He demonstrates this by having them use a small fire instead of one in a size that could keep them warm.  The boy tries to rationalize his father's actions by saying to himself that he probably has a small fire because he had to during the war.

The family goes to the next place of employment.  The boy and his father go to the property owner's home.  His father has no respect and a strong sense of anger for the people he works for.  He walks in and gets dirt all over the rug.  When he is addressed about his inappropriateness at not wiping his feet, he goes outside and leaves even more dirt scraped off on the steps. 

The servant brings the rug to the family of the boy for it to be cleaned.  The sisters struggle to clean it.  His father takes the rug and returns it.  The rug has been burned.  The owner vows to have the funds taken from the father's crops and changes him for the crime.  Sitting before the Justice of the Peace he is convicted of his crime and told he ahs to pay for part of the damage to the rug.  The cost is fair to the father but not to the rug's owner.

The father begins to collect oil in containers and looks at his son.  He knows that the boy is aware of what he is about to do.  He orders the boy held.  The boy escapes and runs and tells that his father is going to burn the barn.  His father is shot and killed in the process.  The boy runs away.

While sitting alone in the dark the boy's love for his father and his need to justify his father emerge, he begins to think about his father as the confederate war hero instead of as the mean and abusive man that he really was.  The boy can not bear to identify the truth about his father, even though he knows his father was evil and would hurt people.

The Characters;

Justice of the Peace: Represents law and righteousness

Boy: Innocence and the need to believe in the good of his father

Father:  Evil cloaked.

Mother, Aunts, and Sisters:  Victims of his father's control.

Please give a chapter summary of the novel The Hound of the Baskervilles written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.

In Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's story, The Hound of the Baskervilles, Chapters 1 through 5 set up the story problem and begin the quest for the mystery's solution. Holmes and Watson, who narrates, are introduced and the curse of the Baskerville family is explained. An ancestor of foul and wicked temperament called on the powers of darkness and evil to aid him to capture the woman he coveted but who had escaped his imprisonment. His wish was granted for he caught the girl as she fled across the moor but, as the reward of his success, he was turned upon by the powers of darkness that aided him and there met his own horrid end in payment for the help granted him. Thus began the curse of the Baskervilles. The problem presented in Chapter 3 and expanded on in Chapters 4 and 5 is the entrance of Sir Henry Baskerville who is to inherit the Baskerville estate, bu it is the earnest hope that he will not inherit the Baskerville curse.

Chapters 4 through 10 are the evidence collecting chapters in which Watson goes as Holmes's emissary to Baskerville Hall to learn what he can of its inhabitants and servants and of the area of moorland around Baskerville Hall. Watson sends regular reports to Holmes who had to stay in London to finish another important case. Watson learns much about the inhabitants of the Hall and others living nearby. He comes to entertain suspicions about the servants named the Barrymores and continues to send reports to Holmes.

From Chapter 11 onwards, Holmes himself is on the scene after having come down to Baskerville in secret disguise and staying out of Watson's notice until the time was right to reveal himself. Holmes gains more understanding and begins to suspect the correct villain and the villain's motives, which dispels the notion of supernatural trials and visitations. In Chapter 14 the accursed hound of the Baskervilles and the villain are revealed, slain and stopped and the mystery is solved. All that is left is for Watson to wrap the adventure all up in the retrospection of Chapter 15.

2 angles are complementary. the measure of one angle is 15 degrees more than twice the other. What is the measure of the smaller angle?

Here's how to set this up.  First you remember that complementary angles add up to 90 degrees, right?

So then you set up your equation using your other data.  We'll call one angle's measure "x" -- that will be the smaller one.  And we know that the other one is 15 degrees more than twice x.  How do you put that in mathematical terms?  Twice x is 2x, 15 more is +15.

So that gives us

90 = x + 2x + 15

So now we need to get all the x's on one side and the numbers on the other.  Subtract 15 from both sides.

x + 2x = 75 or 3x = 75.

Now you have to divide both sides by 3 so as to solve for x

x = 25

To check this, plug the numbers into the original equation.

15 more than twice 25 is 50+15 = 65.

So one of our angles is 25 degrees and the other is 65 (twice 25 + 15).  Those add up to 90 degrees so they're complementary.

How can we analyze a literary product?

That is a big question, and entire books are written on this subject.  When we speak about literary analysis for academic purposes, we are speaking about understanding and discussing the literary elements of the work. There are many literary elements to notice in a literary text. Here are just a few examples:

Theme - Literature will always have at least one theme, an important idea that the author would like the reader to think about. In Huckleberry Finn, for instance, one theme is freedom, which is explored by looking at how Huck and Jim both on a journey to be free. 

Symbolism - Are there any people or objects in the work that might represent an idea?  One example is the kite in The Kite Runner, which symbolizes many ideas, one being the idea of hope.  

Setting - Setting (time and place) is often discussed in literary analysis. We ask whether the setting is important to the story, for instance, and if it is, we can discuss why it is important. To use Huckleberry Finn as an example again, the setting is very important because it is the river that is supposed to carry Huck and Jim to freedom. 

Those are just a few literary elements that can be analyzed and discussed. I am providing you with a link that will list many others. 

When we analyze a literary work on a personal level, we ask what meaning the book has for the reader.  Are there similarities between the life of the reader and the characters? Do they make good decisions that we should consider?  Do they make bad decisions that we should avoid?  Can we learn anything from the work about a different time or a different place?

Analysis of a literary work should be taking place on both levels, because both are part of the pleasure of reading.  

I hope this helps.  Good luck! 

What is the main theme of "A Painful Case" and how do you describe that theme?

In Dubliners by James Joyce, the story "A Painful Case" deals with a man who is seriously stuck in his ways and in the way he wants his life to go. However, it is precisely his inability to be flexible and his inability to change what leads him to lose his one chance at love and happiness.

Hence, the main theme is the need to accept change as an essential survival skill.

How do the characters of Romeo and Juliet develop throughout the play?

Both Romeo and Juliet mature during the play. In Act I, scene i, Romeo is in love with Rosaline without hope, for she has sworn to remain chaste and single. He is moody and depressed, and in the next scene, when Benvolio suggests he attend the Capulets' ball in order to find a new love, he only agrees so that he will have the opportunity of gazing on Rosaline. As soon as he sees Juliet, however, he forgets his infatuation with Rosaline as he truly falls in love.

Romeo's love for Juliet helps him see beyond the brawl between his family and the Capulets so that in III.i, he tries to stop the fight between Tybalt and Mercutio and even steps between them. He only fights Tybalt after Mercutio has been killed and he feels he must revenge his friend's death. Again, in Act V, he immediately makes plans when he hears of Juliet's supposed death, and when he kills Paris in his attempt to get to Juliet, he honors Paris's wish of being laid next to Juliet in death.

In the beginning of the play Juliet is the model young and innocent daughter. When asked if she would like to be married, she replies, "It is an honor that I dream not of." But after she marries Romeo, Juliet matures beyond her fourteen years and assumes the responsibilities of a wife. She gives up her dependency on her nurse and risks pain and death to remain true to Romeo.

What's a hydrosphere?Hydrosphere is the water all around the world (sea,rivers,lakes, glaciers whatever), but I want some interesting facts about...

In nature water occurs on the land, below its surface, in atmosphere and in the biomass. Of the total volume of water available, 97% is in the vast oceans, 2% stored in the form of ice-sheets and less than 1% is available as fresh water.

The origin of terrestrial water is a controversial issue. It is stated that water existed in the early formation of Earth, but not in liquid form or as vapor in the atmosphere, but tied to rocks.

Gradually, water was released in the form of steam by the hot rocks, together with carbon dioxide, forming a second atmosphere. When  crust cooling has widened,water has condensed , rain has appeared and formed seas, and water intake from depths,continued through emanations of volcanoes.

Thus,it was formed as a shell of the earth, consisting of oceans, seas, lakes, glaciers, rivers, groundwater, snow and ice, called the hydrosphere.

Earth is the only place known where the water is clear and liquid, the result of convergence of several natural and climatic factors.

All of these components of the hydrosphere, are the water source available on the planet Earth, regarded as national entities, by virtue of their sovereign rights over a territory, legally recognized.

What are the actions of good judgement by Odysseus? And what are some poor judgement examples in book 10?And what is odesseus character examine and...

Odysseus' good judgement in Book X is that he listens to the gods.  Both Aeolus, the god of wind, and Hermes, the messenger of the gods, try to help Odysseus in his journey home, and Odysseus forsakes his hubris, or pride, and follows their advice.

Aeolus gives Odysseus a bag of wind: he bottles up the north, south, and west wind, leaving only the east wind to blow them home in a westward direction.  Aeolus thinks Poseidon is a bully; therefore, he takes pity on Odysseus.  Before, Odysseus might have tried to get home only through his own cunning, but now the wiser, less impetuous Odysseus is thankful for the wind.

However, Odysseus' mistake is that he fails to share the gods' advice with his crew.  He feels that only he is deserving of the wind, that they are undeserving of the gods' guidance.  When he falls asleep, the crew open the bag, thinking it is secret treasure.  They are blown back to their origin, and Aeolus angrily refuses to help them again.

Odysseus likewise listens to Hermes when the god warn him about Circe's spell.  He eats of a plant Hermes gives him as protection; then, he takes Circe to bed.  Odysseus not only listens to a god, but he goes to bed with a goddess for the sake of getting home.  When Circe tells him that he will have to go through Hades in order to find home, Odysseus realizes his fate: that he must fall in order to rise.

As for Book XII, to which which speech are you referring?  The most important speech is telling his crew that they must sail between Scylla and Charybdis:

“Friends, it is not right that only one or two of us should know the prophecies of the lovely goddess, Circe. I will tell all, so that escaping fate and death or no, at least you are forewarned. First she advised us to evade the voices of the marvellous Sirens in their flowering meadow. She commanded me alone to listen. You are to tie me hand and foot and stand me upright in the mast housing, and fasten the rope ends round the mast itself, and if I beg you to free me, bind me yet more tightly.”’

Unlike with the bag of wind, Odysseus is honest with his crew.  He relates the danger to his crew and shares their fear.  In this manner is he truly great in that he is worthy to receive the gods' advice and worthy to bear it like a human.  Odysseus has learned to suffer from the gods, like a man.

In "Hills Like White Elephants" how does Hemingway use dialogue to display the emotions of the characters in the story? Elephant in the room?

The dialogue in "Hills Like White Elephants" is almost as short as the phrase, "The elephant in the room." The dialogue is short and to the point but actually does not provide much information in terms of who exactly the man and woman named Jig really are and of their relation to one another. Much like the woman's name suggests, the couple is doing a dance together through their dialogue but still remain on their own as they complete each move. They are not connected with one another as intimately as they would be if they were doing the tango. The couple is doing a jig verbally. The movements are quick and jumpy.

Through the dialogue there is a sense of some level of familiarity but not enough to gauge a true connection between the two. There is the awareness of an operation that is tossed around as being "simple" on the part of the man in the story. The woman on the other hand, seems to be working out something in her head as she comments on the hills resembling white elephants. Her attempts at conversation are blocked with the man's unwillingness to discuss "the elephant in the room."

Later, the couple's quick banter is met with Jig's cry of, "Can't we maybe stop talking?" Her request reveals her fear of the operation the man deems as "simple". Her request also gives an indication that she is at the mercy of the man in the story. While the man is not mean to Jig, the man's emotions come across as one who is just preoccupied. He is concerned with either the problem at hand or perhaps with how he may escape the problem by not becoming emotionally involved in the solution of it, as his short and lack of real conversation about Jig's feelings may suggest.

How did the slave trade in West Africa begin?

Slavery in any part of Africa didn't just begin.  Slavery, sadly enough, has been a part of many cultures of the world for thousands of years.  Not only has it been a part of it, but it was more or less socially accepted as well.  What I mean by this is that when one tribe went to war with another, then the victor would conquer the enemy and make their defeated foes a part of their spoils. 

With that part said, let's go back to early exploration by the Spanish and Portuguese.  Hundreds of years before Columbus set sail to the Americas, Europeans had tried to find a shorter water route to Asia.  The task was difficult simply because the technology was poor so developing structurally sound ships on a consistant basis was hit or miss.  Navigational tools by the Europeans were less than adequate to handle long distances as well.  As mentioned before, Spanish and Portuguese were constantly pushing the limits by sailing further and further south along the coast of Africa.  With schools being open by people such as Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal, more and more sailors learned and dared to find a way around the southern tip of Africa. 

As these sailors sailed along the coast, coastal docking stations were made in various points on the western coast of Africa to fix ships, get supplies.  Inevitably these docking areas were marked and claimed by certain countries, particularly the Spanish and Portuguese.  By the mid 1400's better maps were created to pass along to others for reference and use as to where to stop for safety, supplies, help, etc...  These areas were developed and contact was made with the local tribes of the areas such as those of the Kingdom of Songhai.  Goods were exchanged as was typical when cultures collide.

It just so happen to be at this same time the Spanish and Portuguese were exploring the west coast of Africa and laying claim to certain coastal ports, some were toying with the idea of exploring across the Atlantic to the west for a shorter route to Asia.  The idea was nothing new matter of fact, it was just now there was more interest.  We all are pretty much familiar with Columbus' discovery in the Caribbean by the late 1400's and how he claimed there was more gold in the area.  He did this in part so he could get more funding from the King of Spain to keep exploring. 

The natives he came in contact with would suffer from the claim of gold in the new world.  Many new conquistadors would come in search of this gold and the natives were pressed into slavery.  So much so they would literally be worked to death to the point many tribes would be wiped out to extinction in the gold mines.  Who now could they use for the mining and menial work?  Remember what was mentioned about the west coast of Africa? 

Explorers who were already on the west coast of Africa were now being propositioned for accessing manpower.  Tribes who were already in contact with European explorers in west Africa were fully aware of how this could play into their favor.  As the saying goes, "The enemy of my enemy is my friend."  The slave trade along the coast was an unfortunate lucrative business for all involved.  Consequences be damned, but profits speak louder. 

In closing, the slave trade on the west coast of Africa was a culmination of events that had horrific and sad results.  Profit was the ultimate catalyst as to why it continued. 

What do you think are Paine's most important arguments in "Common Sense" that made it so effective?Specific quotes would be a really effective way...

Much of Paine's work focuses on the aspect of a political separation.  When he summarizes the relationship between the Colonists and Britain as one where "'Tis time to part," it succinctly articulates the state of conditions between both nations.  Essentially, Paine lays out the economic and political rationale for declaring independence.  In attempting to convince the colonists of the need to leave, Paine paints England as an abusive partner in a relationship that can no longer be salvaged.  It is one where Paine suggest a reasonable argument for leaving.  The violation of the colonists' political state of being, where the freedom to live as one pleases, is only matched by the economic transgressions, the ability to make and keep material wealth, form the crux of Paine's argument.  This becomes critical in Jefferson's writing, where he compares King George to a "royal brute," a direct allusion to Paine's work.  At the same time, the second section of the Declaration of Independence, known as the List of Grievances, is reminiscent of "Common Sense," as Jefferson lists the economic and political wrongs that England has committed against the Colonists.

What are the conflicts in which Hamlet's or Ophelia's minds are pulled into different directions? Are there any quotes in the play that show...

The entire play could be considered proof of Hamlet's uncertainty.  Throughout the play, he feels pulled in different directions.  He wants to believe the ghost and avenge his father's murder, but he continues to think about it rather than act on it which leads to his frustration with himself and his inactivity.  During the play, he considers the ramifications of avenging the murder - the fact that he'd have to commit murder which is wrong, for example.   Hamlet's soliloquy in Act 3, sc. 1 is one long example quotation displaying Hamlet's uncertainty.  He expresses the idea, in this speech, that he's tired of bearing the burdens of life and all of its stresses - namely here, the death of his father and the subsequent hasty remarriage of his mother to his uncle - but goes on to say that killing oneself is a sin, plus no one knows what death is like so it might be worse than life.  He goes on to lament the fact that this uncertainty is what stymies people and keeps them from killing themselves.  A good example of Ophelia being pulled in different directions comes in Act 1, sc. 3, when she reluctantly tells her father of her relationship with Hamlet.  She does not want to disobey her father, but it's clear she cares for Hamlet.  She tells her father that she will obey him when he tells her to stop seeing Hamlet, but it's especially clear in Act 3, sc. 1 when she and Hamlet talk that she is not happy about having complied.

What is the point of view of The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie by Muriel Spark?

The point of view of Muriel Spark's novel, The Pride of Miss Jean Brodie, is third person omniscient. A third person omniscient narrator, who provides point of view, is able to relay the actions, thoughts, feelings and motives of any character, at any time throughout the novel.

In the Pride of Miss Jean Brodie, sometimes the third person omniscient point of view operates through Miss Brodie, for example when she requests a cartwheel be done for "comic relief." At other times it operates through one or other of the girls as when Sandy is with Sargent Anne talking about acquiring evidence against Miss Brodie. Or it may operate through a lesser character as when Miss Mackay interviews Sandy regarding exposing Miss Brodie.

Equal pay for equal work? Do employers have a right to hire and give raises at whatever rate the employee is willing to work?No

That is a great question. I can understand see both sides of the equation, but I lean towards the "no" answer. Let me give my rationale.

1. This would give too much power to corporations and on the flip side, the people would have little rights. If corporations are allowed to give whatever they want, as long as people are willing to work for it, then people who are down and out may work for very little. This is not fair. Corporations, then, would only be exploiting a bad situation.

2. I would also say that the government is also sort of on board with this logic. There is a minimum wage to protect people.

In short, we need to protect people, in my opinion.

Comment on the ending of Sons and Lovers by D. H. Lawrence

The ending chapters of the novel Sons and Lovers by D H Lawrence.

Reading and literature are very subjective, so make sure you have read the book very closely and researched the background. That way, when you come to comment upon the final chapters you will have your opinions as well as commonly held ones and can back them up with quotes and sources.

It is ironic that just after Paul realises he may have great difficulty marrying while his dearly beloved,but sometimes resented, mother is still alive - he realises that she is going to die from a tumor. This has great pathos, and different readers will take away different things from it. For example, much has been made of the fact that Paul's mother was a control freak who manipulated his life so he could never break free of her influence.

(Speaking personally here for a moment, I never got this from the novel, which I loved. What I saw at the end of the novel was a very contemporary and dangerous dilemma for Paul and his sister - out of deep love for his mother he eases,maybe even hastens her death by administering morphine. There is a very poignant moment where he is preparing some soup for her and wonders if it is right to give her, as it is prolonging a life that will become more painful and sad. Ethically, this is a very tricky area and should not be discussed lightly.)

Many readers who are expecting a happy romantic movie type ending are disappointed by this book, yet some find it realistic, honest and truthful. Paul doesnt fade happily into the sunset with either the emotionally needy and spiritual Miriam or the more physically passionate Clara. He does what a lot of sons would do....gets depressed, maybe even suicidal. Life goes on, as his mother would want it to. Women-wise, he doesn't love either of them enough to be with them full time, or as deeply or as needily as he did his mother's company.

So he just sells up, like people do and gets lodgings of his own in town. Clara does not leave her husband to be with him - indeed he helps her back to her husband. Interestingly, in Lawrrence's own life.... his partner Did leave her husband for him...and her children as well!

In chapter 16 of To Kill a Mockingbird, what does Atticus tell Jem and Scout not to do? And what do they do?

Atticus orders Jem and Scout to stay out of town on the first day of the Tom Robinson trial in Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird. And the children obey his directions all morning, watching the crowds go by (and gossiping about most of the peope) before joining Atticus for lunch at home after the selection of the jury. However, with their curiosity peeked, they can't resist the urge to wander to the courthouse to peek inside. After securing a seat in the Negro section upstairs, they witness exactly what Atticus did not want them to see. They see Bob Ewell in all his trashy glory. They hear first-hand the testimony of his daughter Mayella, and then they see Tom Robinson tell his side of the story. It was all too much for Dill, who begins to cry, so Scout leads him outside to cool off under "the fattest live oak and we sat under it." There they learn the secret that Dolphus Raymond has kept from the rest of the town.

It is precisely what Atticus had hoped to keep from his kids: Tales of sexual transgressions and violence; "alcoholic" outcasts and, later, the true explanation from Tom that the jury refuses to accept. They are the only children in attendance, and Atticus knows beforehand what will occur. For Jem and Scout and Dill, it is yet another lesson of the cruelties of the adult world, one in which all three children come to witness so very early in their lives.

Can someone PLEASE help me analyze this quote from "Fahrenheit 451"?"'Jesus God,' said Montag. 'Every hour so many damn things in the sky! How in...

In this quote, Montag is, for the first time in his life, expressing frustration over the way that his society and government seem to be running things.  For all of his life up to this point, Montag has just gone with the flow, just content as could be, or at least he thought.  He meets Clarisse, and she opens up his eyes to the fact that his life is indeed just a series of meaningless entertainment and emptiness.  Even as he has this realization that is life is unhappy, and that his wife is so miserable that she tries to kill herself, jet bombers are flying overhead.  All throughout the novel, the jet bombers are mentioned; war is always on the verizon.

Here, Montag expresses frustration--why do they always have to be at war?  Why does the rest of the world hate his country?  Why does no one in his society care that they are fighting all of the time?  He is highly disturbed by Mildred and her friends, and how glibly and shallowly they talk about war, and about family members fighting and dying.  They don't even know what the wars are about, or why their husbands are dying.  In fact, they seem to care more about that night's programs on television than the fact that their men are dying.  This disturbs Montag deeply--where is the depth of emotion?  Where are the familial ties that bind people together through love and loyalty?  And, how is it that his society can afford to just play and entertain and do mindless things all day--it doesn't make sense.  Who is doing the real work?  Who is producing?  Is his country stealing from other countries to make their lifestyle so nice?

This quote shows Montag's increasing disenchantment with his society, and the beginnings of his total and complete rebellion against it.  In it, he questions things about his world that he feels are wrong, but isn't sure why they are that way.  He goes in search of answers, and is led down a path that he probably wouldn't have imagined just weeks before.  I hope that helped; good luck!

How is Robinson Crusoe and Friday's relationship symbolic of imperialist ideology?

I assume your question refers to the relationship between Crusoe and Friday and have edited your question accordingly...

When Great Britain ruled its extensive empire, it did so with the understanding that British ways were superior to all others and that part of the purpose of empire was to bear the "white man's burden" of civilizing the natives.

A reader can see Crusoe exhibiting this same sort of attitude towards Friday.  He values Friday because Friday seems more "British" than the "savages."  He refuses to try to learn anything from Friday, refusing, for example, to try Friday's methods for making a canoe.

Crusoe treats Friday as an inferior who is valuable to the extent that he can act British.  This is symbolic of imperialist ideology.

Contrast between rural life/court life and Orlando/Oliver in As You Like It.

Well, there are lots. And the play, like all of Shakespeare's plays, complicates the issue rather than providing a one-word, easy answer. I think the best way of answering yoru question is to focus in on one particular little extract which deals with the topic: the conversation between Touchstone (the fool from the court) and Corin (the shepherd, who lives in the country).

CORIN.
And how like you this shepherd's life, Master Touchstone?

TOUCHSTONE.
Truly, shepherd, in respect of itself, it is a good life; but in respect that it is a shepherd's life, it is naught. In respect that it is solitary, I like it very well; but in respect that it is private, it is a very vile life. Now in respect it is in the fields, it pleaseth me well; but in respect it is not in the court, it is tedious. As it is a spare life, look you, it fits my humour well; but as there is no more plenty in it, it goes much against my stomach.

Hast any philosophy in thee, shepherd?

CORIN.
No more but that I know the more one sickens, the worse at ease he is; and that he that wants money, means, and content, is without three good friends; that the property of rain is to wet, and fire to burn; that good pasture makes fat sheep; and that a great cause of the night is lack of the sun; that he that hath learned no wit by nature nor art may complain of good breeding, or comes of a very dull kindred.

TOUCHSTONE.
Such a one is a natural philosopher. Wast ever in court, shepherd?

CORIN.
No, truly.

The key here seems to be in the duality, the both-at-onceness of both conversations here. Touchstone can see all the good points of the country, but those good points (to him) are also its bad points. So he likes the fact that it is in the country, if you view that in isolation, but if you widen the picture and remember that it is not in the court, then he doesn't like it:

Now in respect it is in the fields, it pleaseth me well; but in respect it is not in the court, it is tedious.

The same sort of double perspective applies, I think, to Corin's perspective on philosophy. I think there are two entirely different routes for the actor playing Corin in the theatre to take with the above speech. Either you play Corin as genuinely wise - everything he says, is of course 'natural' philosophy, and indeed, true - or you play him as a complete idiot, just stating one obvious non-insight after another. Is this country wisdom, or bumpkin stupidity? Corin thinks it the former, Touchstone the latter. It all depends on your perspective on the scene.

And that's what Touchstone goes on to argue. Corin says first that it depends on where you are - good manners in country and in court means two entirely different things:

CORIN.
Touchstone... good manners at the court are as ridiculous in the country as the behaviour of the country is most mockable at the court. You told me you salute not at the court, but you kiss your hands; that courtesy would be uncleanly if courtiers were shepherds.

TOUCHSTONE.
Instance, briefly; come, instance.

CORIN.
Why, we are still handling our ewes; and their fells, you know, are greasy.

We couldn't kiss our hands in the country, Corin argues, like you do in the court, because our hands are dirty. Yet Touchstone's response says that country and court are the same.

TOUCHSTONE.
Why, do not your courtier's hands sweat? and is not the grease of a mutton as wholesome as the sweat of a man?

It depends who you are. It's as you like it.

I am having a test on Thursday next 50 quotes from Julius Caesar, got a website or info u cld send me. ConorQuick reference guide to Caesar...

"Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears; I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him". Quote (Act III, Scene II).

"But, for my own part, it was Greek to me". -  Julius Caesar Quote (Act I, Scene II).

"A dish fit for the gods". Quote (Act II, Scene I).

"Cry "Havoc," and let slip the dogs of war". Julius Caesar Quote (Act III, Sc. I).

"Et tu, Brute!" Quote (Act III, Scene I).

"Men at some time are masters of their fates: The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, but in ourselves, that we are underlings". - (Quote Act I, Scene II).

"Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more". Quote (Act III, Scene II).

"Beware the ides of March". - (Quote Act I, Scene II).

"This was the noblest Roman of them all". - (Quote Act V, Sc. V).

"When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept: Ambition should be made of sterner stuff". - (Quote Act III, Sc. II).

"Yond Cassius has a lean and hungry look; He thinks too much: such men are dangerous" Julius Quote  (Act I, Scene II).

"For Brutus is an honourable man; So are they all, all honourable men". - (Quote Act III, Sc. II).

"As he was valiant, I honour him; but, as he was ambitious, I slew him" . Quote (Act III, Sc. II).

"Cowards die many times before their deaths; The valiant never taste of death but once.
Of all the wonders that I yet have heard, it seems to me most strange that men should fear;
Seeing that death, a necessary end, will come when it will come". Julius Caesar Quote (Act II, Scene II).

You will want to review these quotes, as some of them are much longer than they appear here.  Good luck.

What is the reaction of acids with metals and carbonates?

Acids are substances composed in whose composition enter, besides atoms of non-metals, one or more hydrogen atoms, which may be substituted with metal atoms, leading to salt.
The reaction of acids with metals
Acids react with some metals, forming salts and releasing hydrogen.
Zn + HCl = ZnCl2 + H
Reaction of acids with metal oxides
Basic oxides react with acids, forming salts and water.
CuO + 2HCl = CuCl2 + H
Neutralization reaction
Acids react with bases, forming salts and water, according to general reaction: acid + base = salt + water
HCl + NaOH = NaCl + H2O
Acid reaction with salts
HCl + AgNO3 = AgCl + HNO3
Importance and use of acids
The acids Importance  is so large that the presentation of uses is impossible to be easily exhausted.
Hydrochloric acid is used to obtain laboratory hydrogen, chlorine, the chlorides and weaker acids . It  is also used in dyes industries, medicines, leather industry, textiles and plastics.
Sulfuric acid is considered the blood of industry. It is used to obtain sulphates, chemical fertilizers and in the pharmaceutical industry.
Nitric acid is greater use of chemical fertilizer industry, the explosives, dyes, synthetic fibers and yarns. 
 Conclusion
Metals placed to the left of hydrogen in a series of activities  can replace it  from acids, that means that it reacts with dilute acids,putting hydrogen on free.
Right hydrogen metals are attacked only by concentrated oxidizing acids (HNO3, H2SO4). They first oxidize the metal and the produced oxide  reacts with a new amount of acid; in this case, instead of hydrogen, water is formed as a byproduct.
Iron
Iron is the most common metal on Earth and, besides aluminum, is the most abundant metal on earth. It occurs in combinations, constituting approximately 4.7% of Earth's crust, especially in the form of oxides, sulfides and carbonates.It is found in small amounts in native state as: telluric(earth) iron, found in rocks from Earth's surface, or outer meteoric iron, found in meteoric stones mixed with nickel, cobalt, carbon, etc..Iron is also found in some ferruginous waters in the form of acid carbonate of iron, Fe (HCO3) 2.

Describe James Gatz. How does he compare to Jay Gatsby?

James Gatz is Jay Gatsby's real name.  He was born to poor farmers from the Midwest.  At 17, he left for the Great War and traveled troughout Europe.  Upon returning, he changed his name and pursued a life of extravagance.

Gatz's shift in identity is symbolic of America's after World War I.  Hemingway called the returning soldiers "the Lost Generation."  Clearly, Gatz wants to forsake his identity to pursue riches, status, and Daisy, the embodiment of his dream. 

Also, the U.S. emerged from the war with a burgeoning sense of youth and optimism; hence, the "roaring 20s" and the "Jazz Age."  But, it was short-lived, as the Depression and another world war loomed on the horizon. 

In the end, James Gatz's dream woman does not match his optimism.  Her voice is described as "full of money," and yet, she doesn't say much.  She even contributes to Gatz's death.  The novel ends just as it began, with a father's commentary.  Gatz's father reveals his son's self-improvement initiatives, which are all the more poignant after his death.

Why does Guido die?

In short, Guido died because he threw himself out of a window. He was told his father didn't want him anymore which was not true.

In the story, Guido is the child of a peasant family. The narrator rents a broken down cottage from Signora Bondi. He soon discovers a brilliant little boy, Guido who plays with his son. The boy is very smart in music and mostly in math.

Signora Bondi takes up with the boy and babies him and dresses him up like a doll, a play thing. She wants to create something out of him, but she doesn't really care about him.  She manipulates the parents into letting the boy live with her because she says she has money and will help him. She manipulates the parents too. The parents have no idea what is really going on with heri son in the home of Signora Bondi. The narrator tells Guido's parents to be weary of her.Over time, S. Bondi has the boy believing that his parents didn't want him. S. Bondi denies him what he really loves, math and dresses him up to suit her taste. She is trying to create an image that she likes, not what is best for the boy.

Eventually he commits suicide.

But it's too late for anyone to save him. This novel was written during the rise of facism and contains many illusions to the futility of individual struggle in the face of a facist dictator.It's interesting to note how gullible the peasants were and how they had no idea what was really going on with their son. This is an illusion to Europe and the world during the rise of Hitler and facism. Everyone in Europe would not believe what Hitler was doing to the Jews. Until it was too late, that is, for many.

How did Victor's personality change while he was working on the monster?

Victor, the scientist who creates the monster in Mary Shelley's book "Frankenstein" is a man who enjoys learning.  He goes on a quest for knowledge in creating life.  He is a kind and loving man.  He has a bright future awaiting him.  He is jovial and fresh when he begins his work. He dreams of being able to create the perfect being. His mother's death has affected his need to create a healthy human being. He wants to be able to end disease. 

The being is created but instead of the success that Victor had hoped for, he finds that he has created a sinister being.  He has brought upon the world an evil that he knows is his fault. 

As the story progress Victor undergoes a dramatic transition. His time becomes allotted only for his work.  He shuts himself away in his laboratory and does little else.  He forgoes communication with family and friends.  He is obsessed and driven by the evil that he has brought into his life and weighed down by the knowledge that he has created this problem.  He no longer looks forward to his future and instead begins to regress physically as well as mentally.

In the end of the story Victor dies a peaceful death.  He has done what he could to make things right and put the cycle of life back in order.

In Peyton Place, Constance marries Tom Makris. In Return to Peyton Place, that character's name has changed to Mike Rossi. Why?

This is an interesting question, and it has an even more interesting answer. I love the old Peyton Place movies, so I just had to take a stab at finding an answer for you.

On books.google.com, I found the book Inside Peyton Place: The Life of Grace Metalious. Did you know that the fictional story was based on the real life of Grace Metalious, whose life in Manchester, New Hampshire, was the basis for the story and of Alison McKenzie.

As it turns out, Metalious was not very careful about concealing identities in her novel. There was a teacher at the local high school named Tom Makris. It was obvious that he was the inspiration for "Tomas Makris." According to Inside Peyton Place, at first the real Makris was flattered to be included in the book, but when Hollywood producers decided to make a movie version, all of a sudden he considered it libelous. He and his wife filed a $250,000 libel suit against Metalious and her agent, charging that the book had "brought them into public hatred, contempt, ridicule, slander, and disgrace."

The case did not go to court. Fearing the publicity, Metalious's attorney encouraged her to change the character's name for the movie, and for subsequent reprintings of the novel. They also settled out of court for $60,000.

Does life imitate art or does art imitate life?

What lie did Jack tell the others at the assembly in Chapter 8?

Jack calls an assembly in chapter 8 after Ralph, Jack, and Roger see the "beast" at the top of the mountain. He begins by telling the group of boys that they have seen the beast and that they couldn't kill it. Jack then immediatley begins to criticize Ralph by saying that Ralph thinks the "hunters are not good" and that Ralph thinks they are cowards. Jack tries to undermine Ralph's authority and position as cheif by telling the boys that Ralph is actually the coward because he was too afraid to go with Jack and Roger to the top of the mountain, which is a lie. In fact at the end of chapter 7, when the boys were on the top of the mountain, Ralph was hesitant at first, but he was the one who stood up and "took two leaden steps forward" toward the beast.

Jack lies to the boys because he realizes that he does not have as much power as Ralph, and he wants to make Ralph look bad in front of the other boys. Jack wants the boys to respect him more than Ralph.

What does Fortuanto's costume symbolize?

A court jester may have been considered a fool, a man with an abnormally low IQ, but Fortunato would not have chosen to wear a jester's costume if he wanted people to take him for a moron. A court jester was privileged to make jests, to play jokes on people, to make other people look foolish. In masquerades people choose costumes to represent what they would like to be or what they think they are. Fortunato thinks of himself as a jester, a man who loves to make jests, even though some of his jests may be painful. The thousand injuries Montresor has suffered may have come from what Fortunato considered "jests." Montresor was vulnerable because he was an outsider, a Frenchman, and because he was living on the verge of poverty. What Fortunato considered a jest, such as commenting on the threadbare coat Montresor was wearing, might have been extremely painful for Montresor himself--and he might have realized that Fortunato knew it was painful.

When Fortunato finds himself chained to the wall, he pretends to believe it is a joke. He says:

"Ha! ha! ha! -- he! he! -- a very good joke indeed -- an excellent jest."

He should know that Montresor is not the jesting type. He is giving Montresor an excuse to change his mind and release him. He is desperate and using every ounce of his intellect to figure a way out. He says:

"But is it not getting late? Will not they be awaiting us at the palazzo, the Lady Fortunato and the rest?"

He wants to plant the idea that people will be missing him and perhaps sending out searchers. He also wants to plant the idea that a lot of people know he and Montresor were together. He realizes that Montresor wants to leave a cold trail and would like Fortunato to be missing at least overnight, if not for several days.

Poe certainly doesn't want the reader to think Fortunato is a fool. That would make his crime look too easy. Montresor says early on that Fortunato "...was a man to be respected and even feared." Montresor would have plenty of reason to fear him if he ever got out of those chains!

What are the legal rules as to consideration of a contract?

Law of contracts differ from country to country to some extent. However most of the countries similar general provisions in their laws of contract. The following discussion pertains to general nature of law of contract rather than exact legal provisions of any one law of contract.

The following are rules relating to law of contract in general.

• A contract is valid only if it is for mutual consideration. This means the contract must be for exchange of things of value. Both parties of contract must give something of value, and in return receive something of value.


• Generally there are no restriction on adequacy of the consideration. However, some courts/countries do not accept just notional consideration included in contract just to satisfy the legal provision.


• Consideration can include some physical object or promise to perform some specific action.


• Acts that a party is required to perform as a an existing legal obligation is not considered a valid consideration.


• Legal valueless consideration may be bundled with other valid consideration.


• Consideration provided in past is not valid as a consideration for forming new contracts.


• Consideration can be conditional. That is there may be an initial part of the contract with a valid consideration, with subsequent additional contracts with additional consideration which becomes applicable under certain specified conditions.

What is the climax of the novel The Alchemist by Coelho?

As Santiago is digging for treasure, a pack of thieves finds him and proceeds to beat him and rob him. They force him to continue digging in search of the treasure, but when none is found, all of the thieves leave. Before they leave, however, one thief tells Santiago an important secret that is a clue to where the treasure really is.

The story ends as Santiago discovers that the treasure is located right where the adventure began, at the ruined church in Spain. He digs under the tree where he had the prophetic dream and finally discovers a chest full of treasures, gold and gemstones.

In the final climactic scene of the book, the wind begins to blow and Santiago smells the familiar scent of his lover, Fatima, and feels her kiss. He is taken up by the wind and tells Fatima he is coming.

Why does Francis Bacon describe his essays as "counsels civil and moral"?

"Counsels" are advices/prescriptions, and Bacon's Essays--published in three volumes--are indeed prescriptive and of advisory nature. These brief but compact pieces were born out of the varied entries in Bacon's Commonplace Books that he used during his programme called "Instauratio Magna." Written in a terse, epigrammatic language, Bacon's Essays were meant for the young diplomats and courtiers who used to hold Bacon in a very high esteem.

Bacon's Essays deal with a wide variety of subjects--"civil" and "moral," that is to say, subjects relating to civil/social/secular domains of life, and subjects relating to moral/ethical/spiritual domains of life. Just a passing look at the table of contents affirms this: Studies, Travel, Love, Death, Empire, Truth and so on.

Bacon is always precise, organised, his Essays being prescriptions, nevertheless full of wisdom and expertise. These pieces, modelled on Montaigne's essays, have proved the effectiveness of Bacon's prose beyond doubt.

Explain and assess the techniques firm could use to hedge against exposures it faces.

I believe, the exposure referred in the question pertains to exposure to risks resulting from fluctuations in market price of commodities such as, say, copper or silver used as raw material. or due to fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign currencies.

Let us say a diamond trader in India has sold diamonds worth 1 million dollars to a firm in USA, and payment for this is to be made by the USA firm after 3 months. If the exchange rate of dollars and rupee after 3 months is such that rupee depreciates in value in relation to dollar than the net realization of the company in rupees will increase. However, if the rupee appreciates in value in relation to dollar than the net realization of the company in rupees will decrease. If this company wants to avoid this uncertain outcome after 3 months it can do so by hedging.

In hedging a firm or an individual enters in to a future transaction that cancels out the impact of the original transaction that will take effect at the same time. For example, the diamond trader referred in above paragraph can enter into a contract to sell 1 million dollars to a foreign exchange trader after three months at a fixed price. After 3 months when the diamond trader receives the payment of 1 million dollar from his customer, the same is delivered to the foreign exchange trader, and rupees are received in exchange at the agreed rate. Thus the diamond trader receives a fixed amount

As a result, whatever be the exchange rate after 3 months the trader receives the same amount of payment in rupee irrespective of exchange rates at that time.

Hedging, is good because it eliminates losses due to market rate fluctuations. However it also eliminates likely gains due to these fluctuations. Plus there is always a small charges associated with the additional hedging transactions. Hedging is recommended in all situation where the the maximum likely loss too big for the firm absorb easily. Also the firms that prefer to concentrate on their main business and do not want to get into intricacies of understanding and forecasting market fluctuation will benefit from using hedging.

What are some significant quotes from Fallen Angels by Walter Dean Myers?

I'm not sure if you're writing an essay or focusing on a certain aspect of the novel, but below are some quotes that address significant parts of the book and characterization.

1.  When Perry asks Peewee why he joined the army, Peewee responds, "This is the first place I ever been in my life where I got what everybody else got" (15).  Each character's reason for joining the army during war time is different, but Peewee's reason demonstrates why he is such a fighter--all his life he has had to fight to protect or keep his own.

2. When Perry and Peewee arrive in Chu Lai, they're told to keep themselves alive because "[they'll] be moving down to the Third Corps and then ship over to Hawaii from there" (33).  This statement from the captain is just one example of how no one really has any idea how long the war will last, how many deaths will occur, or the gravity of it.  Perry constantly hears rumors about the end being near or fantasy-type leaves that the soldiers are entitled to--none of them are true, and Perry begins to be disillusioned.

3. When Lt. Carroll is killed, Monaco prays the prayer that Carroll prayed for other soldiers.  It reads,

"Lord, let us feel pity for Lieutenant Carroll, and sorrow for ourselves, and all the angel warriors that fall.  Let us fear death, but let it not live within us" (128).

The prayer is significant because it supplies the symbolic meaning of the novel's title.  Lt. Carroll sees the KIA soldiers as fallen angels because they are dead (fallen) at a young age (angels).  However, Perry's interpretation of the title is that they are fallen angels because they have lost their innocence during combat--almost like Satan's fall from grace--not that Perry believes that he and his friends are evil; he just recognizes that they have done things that most humans never have to do or even see.

4. Near the novel's end, when Perry and Peewee are hospitalized, waiting to return to the States for good, they talk to Lt. Gearhart over the radio who tells them that "Captain Stewart had been promoted" (304).  This simple statement demonstrates that even at the novel's end, Perry and the others do not know what they're fighting for.  Leaders who needlessly risk the lives of them men are promoted, while those who care the most for others are killed.

Compare a romantic obsession/attachment of a work to Edna's emotional/romantic relationships in The Awakening.

When I think of emotional attachment or romantic obsession my thoughts immediately go to Heathcliff and Catherine in Wuthering Heights.  Heathcliff loves Cathy, and Cathy loves Heathcliff to a certain extent,  but due to social and family circumstances these two will never be together.  Heathcliff leaves Wuthering Heights and returns a powerful man, but that is not going to change the essential circumstances of his relationship with Catherine, just like Robert's return to New Orleans and to Edna's life is not going to change the fact that in this society, Edna and Robert's relationship will never be acceptabe.  Heathcliff lives his whole life in the shadows of this impossible relationship.  That novel has a very romantic sentimentalty.  The Awakening on the other hand is more rooted in a sense of Realism; therefore, Chopin ends her story with Edna unable face a life isolation and lonliness.  Edna ends her life to avoid that fate.

How does Ponyboy begin to solve the major conflict? What role does Johnny play in helping Ponyboy along the way?

In Hinton's book "The Outsiders" Pony Boy has grown up in a community where he is sterotyped to be a juvenille delinquent.  He is a member of the Greasers who are in a constant state of conflict and gang related violence against the Socs.  He meets Cherry, one of the Socs' girl friend.  In talking with her he begins to realize that they are not so different even though they come from different classes and social situations.

Pony Boy is attacked by the Scos after he and Johnny fall asleep in the park.  Johnny stabs Bob while trying to protect Pony Boy.  Dally has them hide away at a church until the issue can be resolved.  During the time of the hiding Johnny and Pony Boy contemplate on life and their realtionship with the Greasers and the Socs.  It is the first time they are not in the middle of the others in their group.  They can think independently about what is important in life.

The church catches on fire while some children are playing in it.  Johnny runs inside to rescue the children.  The church falls in on him as he saves the children.  While Johnny is dying and Pony Boy goes with the Greasers to fight the Socs.  The Greasers win and he returns to tell Johnny.  Dally goes crazy with grief over Johnny's death which leads to him being shot by the police.  He dies.  Johnny leaves a letter explaining to Pony that it is not worth the violence.

Pony begins to grow up at this time.  He goes to court with his brother Dallas and is place on probation.  He has come to an understandingthat he can get away from the way of life and that the violence does not have to continue.

Are foods marked "unsaturated fat free" 100% healthy?

Experts believe that just because a product is marked as dangerous fat free, does not make from it a healthy product. Dangers are not coming always  only from unsaturated fat content, but also from the saturated, or an excess of carbohydrates and processed sugars.

In addition, the assessment that "there are no fat" or "0 fat" is not always exact. The current trend is that food to be labeled as fat free, even if in fact it has 0.5-0.7 g, up to a gram of unsaturated fat.

What is wrong with that?

Foods categorized as fat-free create to consumer  the impression of safety, and he may choose to eat as much. Little by little, however, fat accumulates, and finally, the result is the same. Therefore, experts recommend that whenever possible, to check the total number of calories per serving, total fat percentage, and each fraction in part (saturated fats, unsaturated, cholesterol). Sometimes, even when the product is free or very low in unsaturated fats, can have a dangerous saturated fat content or calories.

We must consider the fat content of the preparations even when eating in town.Donuts, sauces' sandwiches and mayonnaise , french fries, are all important sources, but anyone do not want to mention them as  very dangerous fats , not to mention the empty calories as sodium and sugar.

Fairness of producers is a very important element that must be taken into account in assessing population health status. Even if we wish to inform and thus change the better  our diet, we must have nutritional information available for each product.

Explain exactly why Hamlet chooses to spare Claudius' life in the church when he had every reason and a perfect opportunity to get revenge?

Here's the scene (Act 3, scene 3), and it's not in church; it's in the castle:

HAMLET:
Now might I do it pat, now he is praying;
And now I'll do't. And so he goes to heaven,
And so am I revenged. That would be scann'd.
A villain kills my father; and for that,
I, his sole son, do this same villain send
To heaven.(80)
O, this is hire and salary, not revenge!
He took my father grossly, full of bread,
With all his crimes broad blown, as flush as May;
And how his audit stands, who knows save heaven?
But in our circumstance and course of thought,(85)
'tis heavy with him; and am I then revenged,
To take him in the purging of his soul,
When he is fit and seasoned for his passage?
No.
Up, sword, and know thou a more horrid hent.(90)
When he is drunk asleep; or in his rage;
Or in the incestuous pleasure of his bed;
At game, a-swearing, or about some act
That has no relish of salvation in't
Then trip him, that his heels may kick at heaven,(95)
And that his soul may be as damn'd and black
As hell, whereto it goes. My mother stays.
This physic but prolongs thy sickly days.

It's all there. Hamlet doesn't just want to kill Claudius, he wants to exact his revenge when the new king is at his worst, when he is at his grossest, his most lowly and evil. When he is drinking, or swearing, or having sex with Hamlet's mother, that's when he wants to get him. Hamlet finds Claudius at prayer and thinks that, if he kills Claudius while doing so, his soul will go to heaven rather than hell where it so justly belongs. So Hamlet puts away his sword. As Hamlet says, this only puts off the eventual and belated revenge.

Of course we later find out that Claudius could not really pray, but there is no way for Hamlet to have known this.

Yes, it may well be that Hamlet is too smart for his own good and too pricise in his actions in general and that the Ghost would have been avenged there and then, but that's a different consideration altogether.

What does "dignity" mean?Please explain your definition, and not just copy it from Merriam Webster dictionary. Thank you.

Dignity is behavior that exemplifies self-value, respect, strength and ethics. It also is connected to intent and purpose. President Kennedy said, “I believe in human dignity as the source of national purpose...” (1) Marcus Aurelius said, “...there is a proper dignity and proportion to be observed in the performance of every act of life.”

Sometimes circumstances can challenge these things. Bob Dylan wrote a song called “Dignity” where he looks at different slants on dignity in various situations. At the end he wonders what it will take to find dignity.

This is a question that is connected to the definition of “dignity.” How does one find it? If one has a moral code, a higher purpose and a belief in him/herself, this is a strong beginning. If others recognize this in a person, it is reinforced.

The dignity of all is recognized by the United Nations, “All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.” (3)

(1) Address of John F. Kennedy upon accepting the Liberal Party Nomination for President, NY, NY, September 14, 1960

(2) Meditations, IV, 32

(3) Universal Declaration of Human Rights, United Nations General Assembly, December 10, 1948 at the Palais de Chaillot in Paris

From where can I get material on the topic problem of communication in the plays of Harold Pinter?

The problem of communication or more radically put, the lack of communication is a recurrent fascination with Pinter and the contours of this thematic facilitates his anti-realistic or what is simplistically called his absurdist stance.

The element runs across his canon. Meg and Petey (Birthday Party) facing each other on the dining table with the newspaper as an obstruction to their communication is a classic image of it. Stanley's speech degenerating into sounds is yet another striking example.

Non-communication as in The Caretaker often leads to menacing ambivalence and a toppling of power equations in Pinter's work. In plays like Landscape, Silence and Night Pinter explores a dialogic structure where a complex cross-talk and constant mirroring of all the speeches of the different characters constantly collapse it into a monologue where there is no self-communication either.

The political implications of non-communication is apparent in the late-plays. In Montain Language, silence as a product of non-communication is seen as a strange power whereas the loss of memory in A Kind of Alaska is taken advantage of in conspiratorial ways. In One for the Road or Ashes to Ashes, there is a counter-pattern in so far as it is used to sustain the dominant discourse in a way of seeming.

20 facts about Africa before the Slave TradeThanks

Africa before slavery had thousands of groups ranging from small family sized clans/tribes to more organized civilizations.

The tribes on the coast tarded most with other nations.  (West coast to Europe, east coast to Asian nations/Middle East)

Almost universally made up of tribal religions except in the northeast where Christians had a small impact and in the north where Islam spread.  Ethiopia still has a strong Christian presence and is 1 of the rumored resting places of the Lost Ark.

Trade routes criss crossed the Sahara desert even before slavery

Mansa Musa was one of the richest men in world history

It is the only other continent Jesus walked on.

The first prehumans walked upright.

The Limpopo River, sailed by De Gama,  is home to many early tribes.

The Arab slave trade (Africans to the Arab nations) came before the Trans Atlantic Slave Trade.

Ghana was the siteof one of the greatest preslavery empires.

Mali was another major empire , making its fortune from the gold and salt trades.

Zimbabwe was known for its great stone structures.

The Romans coined the term "Africa Terra".

The Phoenicians established Carthage.

The Africans had learned how to use the Nile to irrigate crops.

The few navigatble rivers south of the Sahara made it difficult for explorers to travel into the interior of Africa.

The Berbers were the first to make the trek across the desert.

Muslims built made universities and markets in N. Africa.

Timbuktu was a great trading city.

Islam helped literacy spread across Africa.

What is the climax in the middle of the story The Light in the Forest?

The climax of the story is when True Son alerts the White Man’s boat that the Indians are laying for them, thus betraying his Indian people.

A story’s climax is the turning point, or the most interesting point.  It is the point where the original problem is no longer an issue, though a new one might arise.

The initial problem in this story is that True Son, a white boy abducted by Indians when he was four, needs to be returned to his birth family.  Being a Delaware Indian is all he knows, so he does not want to go.

The climax of the story is when True Son finally returns to his people.  He is thrilled at first, but then he takes part in a raid on a White boat.

 Then someone in the boat moved and disclosed a child.  It was a boy about Gordie’s age…could it be that his mother and father were on this boat, coming west to find him, and that they had taken Godie along? (ch 14, p. 128)

When he sees the little boy is there, True Son raising a warning to them.  The Indians shoot the father.

True Son has betrayed his people, so he faces trial.  He decides that he no longer wants to be an Indian, because he does not approve of their actions.  He also does not approve of the White Men’s actions, including massacring Indians.  So True Son decides he is neither (the resolution).

What is the conflict and twist to the short story "Heart and Hands"?

O. Henry is a short story writer famous for his ironic "twists" at the end of his stories. In "Hearts and Hands," the conflict and twist revolve around two men who are handcuffed to one another on a train in Denver. One of them is young and handsome, the other is older and glum-looking. 

They sit down across from a pretty young woman dressed very elegantly. Her name is Miss Fairchild. She recognizes the younger man as someone who used to run in the same social circles, Mr. Easton. Miss Fairchild implies that she used to have romantic feelings or attraction to Mr. Easton. There is a hint that Mr. Easton feels uncomfortable and embarrassed that she has recognized him and started talking to him. 

Before he can say much else, the glum faced man stops him and tells the girl that Mr. Easton is a United States marshall, who is taking the glum faced man to prison at Leavenworth. He has been sentenced to seven years for counterfeiting. Miss Fairchild seems to be impressed by Mr. Easton's new job because he is now a "dashing Western hero." 

The girl starts talking about irrelevant and fluffy things, and Mr. Easton seems to be becoming more and more uncomfortable. The glum faced man asks Mr. Easton to take him out to the smoker car for a smoke, which he complies with. The excuse allows the men to leave Miss Fairchild. 

When they leave, the point of view shifts to two different passengers who had been listening to the conversation between Miss Fairchild, Mr. Easton, and the glum faced man. One of them remarks on how young the marshal is, and the other corrects the mistake. It was actually the glum faced man who was the marshall, and Mr. Easton who was going to prison for seven years for counterfeiting money. The detail was that Mr. Easton's right hand was cuffed to the marshal's left hand, when both men were right handed. Clearly, the marshal would choose to cuff his non-dominant hand to the prisoner's dominant one. 

What about the colors are meaningful in "The Sky is Gray"? How is the title significant?

*Everything* about the colors in “The Sky is Gray” by Ernest Gaines is significant. Not just for the obvious reason, of course, to guide and allow the reader to imagine how things look and feel, but he also used colors for symbolism and irony. The story itself is based upon the life of a black child living outside Bayonne, Louisiana during the Second World War. In one part of the story, in the morning, after James struggled with trying to get out of the freezing cold and the terrible weather in a city full of places where he and his mother were not permitted to enter because of their color: diners, stores. They were treated poorly by so many cold-hearted people. But then, a white woman invites them into her store and suggests to give them something to eat. Additionally, the author often used the color red to describe blood. We all know what color blood is. Describing it, naming it, defining it makes it more real and adds even more significance to the underlying theme and the importance of color. He vividly describes so many things, such as the men leaving the battle scene. When you think about it, this boy’s life should have been clearly black or white. There should have been no gray areas.

In addition to author’s purpose to guide the reader’s imagination, the title of the story is equally important and “on purpose”, so to say. A gray sky in my world could mean a gloomy day according to the weather or it could just be a gloomy day emotionally, physically, mentally. James struggles throughout the entire story, with moments of hope throughout. At first, the story begins with an overall barren mood although allowing hints of hope for the future as a gray sky itself will allow the sun to peek through from time to time. The setting of the story also contributes to the overall mood. James and the author makes reference more than once to the terrible weather and coldness, in conjunction with what is happening in his life as well. You can clearly see the connection. James’ mother even wears a black coat and a black hat. Another example of the significance of the use (or non use) of color and its connection with the title are the many scenes described without color. For example: the road that he travels on, the sky, their clothing.

Ernest Gaines does an incredible job using colors as great tools for symbolism and irony in the story where everything about a boy’s life is “gray”, when it should have been one way or the other, undoubtedly.

What is the best approach to writing a comparative essay on "The Lottery" and "The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas?Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery"...

When writing a comparative essay on two stories, it is often helpful to spend time in reflection before writing.  For instance, ask what commonalities exist between the two stories.  That is, what themes/moral truths are similar?  Are there any characters who are similar? What similarities exist between methods of narration?

In addition to the already mentioned questions, in the examination of "The Lottery" and "The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas," the writer may also wish to do some research on these stories.  For instance, Shirley Jackson's story has as it basis the ancient concept of the "scapegoat" while LeGuin's story takes William James's theory of pragmatism, what is best for the majority to its moral conclusion.  This theory also states that a person's thoughts should guide his or her actions, and truth is a consequences of a person's belief.  So, in a sense, some of the people in Omelas who accept the state of contentment in served by the one creature accept also the scapegoat concept.

LeGuin's intrusive narrator forces the reader to reach a moral conclusion as well, while the narrator of "The Lottery" gives no indication of what is to come.  Instead, this neutral narrator surprises the reader into drawing his/her own conclusions at the end of the story, one conclusion being that of the innate penchant for violence in people.

Indeed, there are similarities between the stories, yet some differences exist.  A comparative essay discusses both.  So, write down ideas and find a thread of an idea to hold everything together--themes may be such a thread.  Certainly, there is much to write about.

Check out the site below as it will help you in organizing your essay.  (The alternate pattern is preferred by professors for essays of this kind. See #3 of Writing a Compare/Contrast Essay)

"Because horror on earth is real and it is every day. It is like a flower or like a sun; it cannot be contained"(186). Is this a metaphor or a simile?

The Alice Sebold novel, "Lovely Bones," is about a 14 year-old girl named Susie Salmon. Susie has been murdered and while in heaven can see her friends and family still living.  She sees their struggles to solve her murder and sees their pain and sorrow.  Susie follows the map and arrives at the field.  She meets Flora Hernandez who tells her the others will be there soon. 

"And as Flora twirled, other girls and women came through the field in all directions.  Our heartache poured into one another like water from cup to cup.  Each time I told my story, I lost a bit, the smallest drop of pain.  It was that day that I knew I wanted to tell the story of my family;  Because horror on Earth is real and it is every day.  It is like a flower or like the sun; it cannot be contained."

The quotation on page 186 is a literary term described as a simile.  A simile is used to compare one thing to another using the words "like" or "as." A metaphor also compares two things that are compared, but "like or "as" are not used. This quotation uses "like" so it is a simile. 

my question is on Jane Eyre please help!In Jane Eyre, she says "I was a discord in Gateshead Hall; I was like nobody there" What qualities make...

There are several qualities that make the Reeds regard Jane as an outsider. First, she is an orphan, and Mrs. Reed seems to consider giving her a warm place to sleep and some food as though she saved her eternal soul. The Reed daughters mostly ignore Jane, but John Reed makes her life hell. He beats her, verbally abuses her, and constantly reminds her that she is poor, the Reeds are rich, and there's nothing she can do about it. She is treated as less than a servant by all members of the family. Mrs. Reed is perhaps the worst, because she really does seem to think that she has taken Jane into the family. But she repeatedly locks her up, forces her apart from her own children, and lets Jane know that the only reason she's there is because Mr. Reed made his wife promise on his death bed that she would care for Jane.

In addition to being a physical outsider by virtue of relation (or lack thereof), Jane is also a psychological outsider, if that makes sense. She is a passionate girl, and it often gets her in trouble. For example, she stands up to John when he hits her, and of course he immediately runs back to his mother and whines. Jane is then punished for her temper, when she was merely defending herself. She also argues for her rights, telling Mrs. Reed that she has done nothing wrong. This simply makes it worse.

Finally, these things might have been overlooked if Jane was more attractive. It sounds terrible, but the other characters (especially Bessie and the other servants) often talk about how wonderful Georgiana is with her beautiful blond curls. Yet Jane says that Georgiana is more of a troublemaker than herself, a little girl who is cruel and spoiled. But she gets away with it because of her physical attractiveness. Jane, on the other hand, is short & plain. She is often told that because she is considered ugly, she needs to have a sweet personality in order to win anyone over.

As an adult, Jane forgives Mrs. Reed for her treatment. She also befriends the Reed sisters when they are adults. John Reed dies before Jane can make amends, but overall, she comes to terms with her childhood. Although she still smarts at the injustice and cruelty she suffered in the Reed household, she forgives those responsible.

Explain this quote from "The Tell-Tale Heart" by Edgar Allen Poe."Villains!" I shrieked, "dissemble no more! I admit the deed!-tear up the...

Well, there is not much to really explain.  That quote is kind of "self-explanatory," but I will do my best:

At this point in the story the man cannot take it any more.  The beating of the heart (really the phantom beating in his own mind) is driving him up the wall.  He realizes that he cannot live like this...it would lead to madness.  He must admit his dead to the authorities in order to stop the beating.

Of course, the beating is really his own guilty conscience.  This man must not have the true "heart of a murderer" because he can't live with the guilt.  Of course, he probably wouldn't see it that way, believing the beating to be a phantom presence and not a psychological phenomenon.

I suppose you could make an argument that the beating actually was spectral, limited only to him, and that it wasn't his conscience forcing himself to admit guilt but rather that onslaught of some paranormal force driving him mad.  That would probably make it a better horror story, but not a better story overall.  In its incarnation about guilt it provides much more "food for thought."

I take it back...I guess there was more to say about this line than I thought!  Kudos!

In "Harrison Bergeron" briefly describe how the dancers are handicapped.

Ballerina dancers typically are very graceful, striving with every movement to embody beauty, flow, grace, and artistic expression.  However, in Vonnegut's dystopian future, displaying any of those traits would make those of us who can't dance feel clumsy and bad about ourselves.  So, the dancers are burdened with handicaps that keep them from showing any sort of grace or beauty whatsoever.  Near the beginning, the story states,

"They were burdened with sashweights and bags of birdshot, and their faces were masked, so that no one, seeing a free and graceful gesture or a pretty face, would feel like something the cat drug in."

So, on their limbs they wore bags filled with heavy birdshot (little pellets of lead) to keep them from moving too quickly or easily; they also had sashweights (like weighted cloth belts) to keep them from jumping too high.  Then, they of course had to wear masks,  so that any pretty face couldn't show through.  Also, if they were too smart, they had mental handicaps similar to the one that Harrison's father, George wore, that emitted loud sounds every once in a while to make any cohesive thinking impossible.  The ballerina that becomes Harrison's "empress" has one such mental handicap, along with all of the other previously mentioned ones.  Harrison tears them all off of her, and they experience a brief and beautiful dance.

I hope that clarification helps; good luck!

In the book "Woodsong" by Gary Paulsen, what mysteries does Paulsen encounter in the woods in chapter 6?

In chapter 6 of "Woodsong," by Gary Paulsen the author relates to the reader some of the mysteries of the woods.  The first story he shares is about a chipmunk he is trying to feed crumbs of cookies. As he is coaxing the chipmunk closer a red squirrel jumps from above, grabs the chipmunk, kills it and begins to eat it.  Squirrels are not meat eaters and Paulsen says he has never seen a squirrel eat meat before or sense.  The next mystery was a glowing green light in the forest at night.  It scares him and his dogs but turns out to be a tree stump glowing in the dark.  The third mystery was the behavior of a fawn who walks out into the water to let a little boy pet him then leaves. 

Another deer story is when he finds a deer, dead, frozen and standing straight up in the middle of the woods. He can't imagine what has killed this deer but it remains a mystery how the deer died standing up.

Finally there is the story of the flies and there behavior.  They swarm him and then a deer bounds out of the woods covered in flies.  The deer plunges his head under the water to rid itself of the flies and comes withing touching distance of the deer.

There is also a mystery of a circle of snow where Palusen observes the remains of a grouse which has been killed by a fox.  He can see the results of the kill, but he cannot find any tracks that lead away from the kill site.

"Trying to explain how his attitude toward nature was changed by the things that he observed, he describes some of his encounters with wild animals and the woods. There is the fawn who waded up to his canoe; the deer who escaped from the timber wolves by leaping past his circle of sled dogs to stand, winded, by his fire; the ghost that turned out to be a six-foot-high rotten stump; and the deer that was frozen solid, upright beside the trail."

Paulsen shares these stories with the reader to emphasize how much goes on in the wilderness that man cannot understand or explain.  Paulsen is constantly in awe of his environment and does a wonderful job  sharing this with his readers.

What did Judith think of Kit in The Witch of Blackbird Pond?How does Matthew Wood react when Kit gives his daughters clothing?

Judith, who tends toward vanity, looks at Kit with envy, perceiving her as someone who has all the things she herself wishes she could have.  Kit arrives at the Wood home dressed in comparative finery. Although the dress she is wearing is plain to her, to Judith, who, like the other women in the family must dress in garments made of "some nondescript sort of coarse gray stuff", it is magnificent, and the thought that Kit has seven trunks full of similar items is beyond belief.  When Judith discovers Kit's generosity, she falls upon the nice things she is offered with undisguised greed.  Judith longs for the pretty things Kit has, but is denied them by her Puritanical father.

When Matthew Wood learns that Kit has generously given his daughters items from her wardrobe, he reacts angrily.  He orders them to give everything back, shouting, "No one in my family has any use for such frippery".  In addition to his disapproval of what he considers to be "unseemly apparel", Matthew Wood reacts with a sense of injured pride, declaring "Nor are we beholden on anyone's charity for our clothing".  Already put out by the fact that Kit has come to live with them unannounced, Matthew Wood is furious that she would "turn the heads of (his) daughters with (her) vanity".  Although he turns a deaf ear to Judith's entreaties to be allowed to keep the gifts, he does relent in the case of Mercy, agreeing to let her keep a simple shawl Kit has given her because it will serve to keep her warm as she sits by the chimney (Chapters 3 and 4).

In The Crucible what is the professed purpose of the court? Why doesn't the court need witnesses?

The best explanations for the professed purposes of the court can be found in Act Three, as Danforth tries to explain it to the people assembled there.  He declares that the purpose of the court is to uphold the law, as stated in the Bible.  The Puritans live in a theocracy, where their religious laws are enforced by the courts; hence, if you break a moral or religious law, you are punished in court, in jail, or through other societal means.  Danforth means to, as he says, enforce the law "as written in the holy Bible."

Now, in the case of witchcraft, Danforth explains very clearly why there are no witnesses that are needed.  He says that in the case of witchery, there are only two witnesses--"the witch and the victim."  The witch herself is certainly not going to come forth and testify against herself, so the only other person that we can rely on to testify of what happened is the victim.  And, as Danforth states, "they do testify, the children certainly do testify."  Sometimes they testify that the witch's spirit comes into their bedrooms at night and does things to them there--in that case, only the victim can say what happened.  So, whereas in a normal situation, witnesses would be called to describe the crime that occurred, no witnesses ever really see the witchcraft, except for the victim.

I hope that those thoughts helped to clarify things for you; good luck!

What are pros of assisted suicide from the points of view of politics, religion and science?

This is a tough argument to make, since there are many reason why assisted suicide is questionable. But, here are some reasons to consider.

1. As the previous point stated, it gives the person the right to choose for himself or herself, even in the area of ultimate issues, such as life and death.

2. If the government allows certain people to die, I can see some argue that there will be economic benefits. And how these economic benefits may help others, who are in need.

3. Finally, science may say that if something is a medical impossibility to cure, then suicide may be the most compassionate answer in some occasions.

What are 15 questions that can be asked about section four in the book "Of Mice and Men"?

kiwi
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High School Teacher

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(Level 3) Educator

Posted on November 20, 2009 at 12:50 PM

What special characteristics and talents have the Usher ancestors had?

There were several characteristics and tendencies with which members of the Usher family were identified.  Roderick Usher's ancestors had been known for

...a peculiar sensibility of temperament, displaying itself, through long ages, in many works of exalted art, and manifested, or late in repeated deed of munificent yet unobtrusive charity, as well as in a passionate devotion to the intricacies, perhaps even more than to the orthodox and easily recognizable beauties, of musical science...the stem of the Usher race, all time-honored as it was, had put forth, at no period, any enduring branch:  in other words, that the entire famly lay in the direct line of descent, and had always, with very trifling and very temporary variations, so lain.

In addition, the mental condition from which Roderick suffers and has struck down his sister, Madeline, is apparently genetic and worsens with each generation.  This mental disorder is the cause of the deaths of both Madeline and Roderick.  Prior to his death, Roderick expresses his belief that the order of the stones comprising the walls of House of Usher are the cause of his family's downfall, as it "molded  the destinies of his family, and ...made him what I now saw him."

Find the coefficient of kinetic friction. A dock worker loading crates on a ship finds that a 15kg crate, initially at rest on a horizontal...

Given:

Mass of crate = m = 15 kg

Force required to set the crate in motion = f1 = 64 N

Force required to keep the crate in moving at constant speed = f2 = 57 N

Acceleration of gravity = g = 9.8 m/s^2

We know:

Coefficient of kinetic friction =

(Force required to keep the crate in moving at constant speed)/(Perpendicular force exerted on the crate)

And:

Perpendicular force exerted on the crate = m*g

Substituting given value of m and g we get:

Perpendicular force exerted on the crate =15*9.8 = 147 N

Substituting this value of perpendicular force and Force required to keep the crate in moving at constant speed in equation for coefficient of kinetic friction we get:

Coefficient of kinetic friction = 57/147 = 0.3878