In nature water occurs on the land, below its surface, in atmosphere and in the biomass. Of the total volume of water available, 97% is in the vast oceans, 2% stored in the form of ice-sheets and less than 1% is available as fresh water.
The origin of terrestrial water is a controversial issue. It is stated that water existed in the early formation of Earth, but not in liquid form or as vapor in the atmosphere, but tied to rocks.
Gradually, water was released in the form of steam by the hot rocks, together with carbon dioxide, forming a second atmosphere. When crust cooling has widened,water has condensed , rain has appeared and formed seas, and water intake from depths,continued through emanations of volcanoes.
Thus,it was formed as a shell of the earth, consisting of oceans, seas, lakes, glaciers, rivers, groundwater, snow and ice, called the hydrosphere.
Earth is the only place known where the water is clear and liquid, the result of convergence of several natural and climatic factors.
All of these components of the hydrosphere, are the water source available on the planet Earth, regarded as national entities, by virtue of their sovereign rights over a territory, legally recognized.
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