PLEASE, what are the main points (working conditions) between the past and now (NOW; establish Unions,food inspection, OSHA..etc)

During the era when the book by Sinclair "The Jungle" was written there were no labor laws protecting the common worker.  Anyone of any age could be employed and child labor was abundant as many poor and immigrant families struggled to survive.  Since human beings were pouring into the cities of America and jobs were in short supply, but the labor force available was large and dispensable, factories could work their employees in deplorable conditions.  There was no regulation of hours or salary (minimum wage).  The lowest salary possible could be paid meaning that many people worked excessive hours for little pay.  Today, we have an established minimum wage that is adjusted periodically to accompany the fluctuating economy.

Working conditions were dangerous.  Machines were often the culprit of lost fingers, appendages, and lives.  There was no repercussion to the owner’s of the factories or support for the worker when injuries occurred.  The worker was simply out of a job even if it meant that he/she would starve to death as the result of the injury preventing them from being able to work or seek alternate employment.

Chemical exposure was excessive within the work environment and community. Under OSHA guidelines exposure to harmful chemicals can not pass the threshold of safety without necessary steps being taken to protect the worker.  Inspectors monitor the quality of air in the factories and on job sites.

Injuries and the type of injuries are monitored by OSHA as well.  Companies must have policies in place and provide training for their employees that help keep the employees from putting repeated stress on the same parts of the body which can cause permanent or long term injuries.

During Sinclair's time, workers were not allowed breaks or rest periods.  The result from being overworked with no time to recoup led to increased job site injuries.  OSHA guidelines and labor laws mandate break periods and set work hours so that the worker has time to recuperate.  Unions developed to provide protection for certain types of workers.  The Labor Commission was also established to ensure protection of the worker.

Foods were not inspected in "The Jungle."  In the book the author told how sawdust and dropping on the floor were swept up and added to the processed meats.  There were no guidelines or qualifications that addressed for safety or nutrition content.  The Federal Food and Drug Administration were established to ensure quality and safe foods.